1. Homocarnosine, carnosine and histidine were determined in brain from several species and the results compared with values in the literature. 2. [14C]Homocarnosine and [14C]carnosine were isolated from frog brain after intracerebral injection of [14C]histidine in vivo. 3. Whole frog brain, incubated in vitro with l-[14C]histidine, formed labelled homocarnosine and carnosine. 4. A frog brain homogenate or supernatant fraction catalysed the incorporation of l-[14C]histidine into homocarnosine and carnosine. 5. The results indicate that brain tissue can synthesize homocarnosine and carnosine.

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