This study tested the hypothesis that dietary cholesterol uptake by intestinal cells is dependent on the structure and composition of the lipid carriers in the extracellular milieu. In in vivo experiments with female C57BL/6 mice, cholesterol absorption from phospholipid/triacylglycerol emulsions was significantly reduced by administration of tetrahydrolipstatin, an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase. This inhibitor had no effect on the absorption of cholesterol from phospholipid vesicles. The importance of pancreatic-lipase-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis for cholesterol transport from emulsions to intestinal cells was confirmed by in vitro experiments with rat IEC-6 intestinal cells. Cellular uptake of cholesterol from emulsions with a phospholipid/triacylglycerol molar ratio of < 0.3 could be stimulated by pancreatic lipase/colipase hydrolysis of the core neutral lipids. However, pancreatic lipase/colipase was ineffective in hydrolysing triacylglycerols in emulsions with a phospholipid/triacylglycerol molar ratio of > 0.3. Phospholipase A2-mediated hydrolysis of the surface phospholipids was necessary prior to triacylglycerol hydrolysis in these phospholipid-rich emulsions and to the stimulation of cholesterol transport from these particles to IEC-6 cells. The data also revealed that minimal triacylglycerol hydrolysis was sufficient to significantly increase cholesterol transport from lipid emulsions to the intestinal cells. Thus the products of triacylglycerol hydrolysis, namely monoacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acids, are key determinants in mediating cholesterol transport from lipid emulsions to intestinal cells. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that remodelling of the surface and core components of lipid carriers is necessary prior to absorption of dietary cholesterol from the gastrointestinal tract.
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May 1999
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Research Article|
April 26 1999
Pancreatic lipase/colipase-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis is required for cholesterol transport from lipid emulsions to intestinal cells
Simon C. YOUNG;
Simon C. YOUNG
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Bethesda Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, U.S.A.
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David Y. HUI
David Y. HUI
1
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail Huidy@email.uc.edu).
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Biochem J (1999) 339 (3): 615–620.
Article history
Received:
August 14 1998
Revision Received:
December 18 1998
Accepted:
February 10 1999
Citation
Simon C. YOUNG, David Y. HUI; Pancreatic lipase/colipase-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis is required for cholesterol transport from lipid emulsions to intestinal cells. Biochem J 1 May 1999; 339 (3): 615–620. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3390615
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