Calreticulin is an ER (endoplasmic reticulum) luminal Ca2+-buffering chaperone. The protein is involved in regulation of intracellular Ca2+ homoeostasis and ER Ca2+ capacity. The protein impacts on store-operated Ca2+ influx and influences Ca2+-dependent transcriptional pathways during embryonic development. Calreticulin is also involved in the folding of newly synthesized proteins and glycoproteins and, together with calnexin (an integral ER membrane chaperone similar to calreticulin) and ERp57 [ER protein of 57 kDa; a PDI (protein disulfide-isomerase)-like ER-resident protein], constitutes the ‘calreticulin/calnexin cycle’ that is responsible for folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins. In recent years, calreticulin has been implicated to play a role in many biological systems, including functions inside and outside the ER, indicating that the protein is a multi-process molecule. Regulation of Ca2+ homoeostasis and ER Ca2+ buffering by calreticulin might be the key to explain its multi-process property.
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February 2009
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January 16 2009
Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium-buffering chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum
Marek Michalak;
Marek Michalak
1
*Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2H7
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected]).
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Jody Groenendyk;
Jody Groenendyk
*Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2H7
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Eva Szabo;
Eva Szabo
†Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
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Leslie I. Gold;
Leslie I. Gold
‡Departments of Medicine and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.
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Michal Opas
Michal Opas
†Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
September 12 2008
Revision Received:
October 06 2008
Accepted:
October 08 2008
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society
2009
Biochem J (2009) 417 (3): 651–666.
Article history
Received:
September 12 2008
Revision Received:
October 06 2008
Accepted:
October 08 2008
Citation
Marek Michalak, Jody Groenendyk, Eva Szabo, Leslie I. Gold, Michal Opas; Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium-buffering chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochem J 1 February 2009; 417 (3): 651–666. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20081847
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