NAD+ is well known as a crucial cofactor in the redox balance of metabolism. Moreover, NAD+ is degraded in ADP-ribosyl transfer reactions, which are important components of multitudinous signalling reactions. These include reactions linked to DNA repair and aging. In the present study, using the concept of EFMs (elementary flux modes), we established all of the potential routes in a network describing NAD+ biosynthesis and degradation. All known biosynthetic pathways, which include de novo synthesis starting from tryptophan as well as the classical Preiss–Handler pathway and NAD+ synthesis from other vitamin precursors, were detected as EFMs. Moreover, several EFMs were found that degrade NAD+, represent futile cycles or have other functionalities. The systematic analysis and comparison of the networks specific for yeast and humans document significant differences between species with regard to the use of precursors, biosynthetic routes and NAD+-dependent signalling.
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Research Article|
September 28 2011
Pathway analysis of NAD+ metabolism
Luis F. de Figueiredo;
Luis F. de Figueiredo
1
*Department of Bioinformatics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ernst-Abbe-Pl. 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
†PhD Program in Computational Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
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Toni I. Gossmann;
Toni I. Gossmann
‡School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K.
§Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
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Mathias Ziegler;
Mathias Ziegler
§Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
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Stefan Schuster
Stefan Schuster
2
*Department of Bioinformatics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ernst-Abbe-Pl. 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
2To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected]).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
February 21 2011
Revision Received:
June 08 2011
Accepted:
July 05 2011
Accepted Manuscript online:
July 05 2011
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society
2011
Biochem J (2011) 439 (2): 341–348.
Article history
Received:
February 21 2011
Revision Received:
June 08 2011
Accepted:
July 05 2011
Accepted Manuscript online:
July 05 2011
Citation
Luis F. de Figueiredo, Toni I. Gossmann, Mathias Ziegler, Stefan Schuster; Pathway analysis of NAD+ metabolism. Biochem J 15 October 2011; 439 (2): 341–348. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20110320
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