Recently, a novel CS/DS 4-O-endosulfatase was identified from a marine bacterium and its catalytic mechanism was investigated further (Wang, W., et. al (2015) J. Biol. Chem.290, 7823–7832; Wang, S., et. al (2019) Front. Microbiol.10, 1309). In the study herein, we provide new insight about the structural characteristics of the substrate which determine the activity of this enzyme. The substrate specificities of the 4-O-endosulfatase were probed by using libraries of structure-defined CS/DS oligosaccharides issued from synthetic and enzymatic sources. We found that this 4-O-endosulfatase effectively remove the 4-O-sulfate of disaccharide sequences GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S) or GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S,6S) in all tested hexasaccharides. The sulfated GalNac residue is resistant to the enzyme when adjacent uronic residues are sulfated as shown by the lack of enzymatic desulfation of GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S) connected to a disaccharide GlcUA(2S)β1-3GalNAc(6S) in an octasaccharide. The 3-O-sulfation of GlcUA was also shown to hinder the action of this enzyme. The 4-O-endosulfatase exhibited an oriented action from the reducing to the non-reducing whatever the saturation or not of the non-reducing end. Finally, the activity of the 4-O-endosulfatase decreases with the increase in substrate size. With the deeper understanding of this novel 4-O-endosulfatase, such chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) sulfatase is a useful tool for exploring the structure–function relationship of CS/DS.
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High protein levels of protein kinase C confer a survival advantage in many cancers, including pancreatic cancer. In this issue, Tovell and Newton (pp. 341–355) review the mechanisms controlling the stability of protein kinase C, focusing on negative regulation by the phosphatase PHLPP as a potential strategy to restore protein levels of the kinase. Image provided by Hannah Tovell and was created with BioRender.com.
Investigation of action pattern of a novel chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate 4-O-endosulfatase
Wenshuang Wang, Cédric Przybylski, Xiaojuan Cai, Chrystel Lopin-Bon, Runmiao Jiao, Liran Shi, Kazuyuki Sugahara, José L. Neira, Régis Daniel, Fuchuan Li; Investigation of action pattern of a novel chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate 4-O-endosulfatase. Biochem J 29 January 2021; 478 (2): 281–298. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20200657
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