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phosphorylation
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Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (14): 2759–2774.
Published: 23 July 2021
...Henning Mühlenbeck; Kyle W. Bender; Cyril Zipfel Reversible protein phosphorylation is a widespread post-translational modification fundamental for signaling across all domains of life. Tyrosine (Tyr) phosphorylation has recently emerged as being important for plant receptor kinase (RK)-mediated...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (12): 2233–2245.
Published: 18 June 2021
... of phosphorylation of amino acids in the direct vicinity of the scissile bond. To evaluate conflicting reports on this subject, we synthesized a series of known caspase-3 and -7 substrates and phosphorylated analogs, performed enzyme kinetic assays and mapped the peptide cleavage sites using internally quenched...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
In Collection
Protein structure and function
Asad U. Malik, Athanasios Karapetsas, Raja S. Nirujogi, Sebastian Mathea, Deep Chatterjee, Prosenjit Pal, Pawel Lis, Matthew Taylor, Elena Purlyte, Robert Gourlay, Mark Dorward, Simone Weidlich, Rachel Toth, Nicole K. Polinski, Stefan Knapp, Francesca Tonelli, Dario R. Alessi
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (3): 553–578.
Published: 10 February 2021
... mutations in LRRK2 that enhance kinase activity cause Parkinson's disease. LRRK2 phosphorylates a subset of Rab GTPases including Rab8A and Rab10 within its effector binding motif. Here, we explore whether LRRK1, a less studied homolog of LRRK2 that regulates growth factor receptor trafficking...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Helen A. Brown, Charles A.C. Williams, Houjiang Zhou, Diana Rios-Szwed, Rosalia Fernandez-Alonso, Saria Mansoor, Liam McMulkin, Rachel Toth, Robert Gourlay, Julien Peltier, Nora Dieguez-Martinez, Matthias Trost, Jose M. Lizcano, Marios P. Stavridis, Greg M. Findlay
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (23): 4119–4136.
Published: 06 December 2021
.... Mechanistically, ERK5 promotes ZSCAN4 and 2C gene expression via transcription of the KLF2 pluripotency transcription factor. Surprisingly, ERK5 also directly phosphorylates KLF2 to drive ubiquitin-dependent degradation, encoding negative feedback regulation of 2C gene expression. In summary, our data identify...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (19): 3555–3573.
Published: 06 October 2021
... and MLi-2) and Type II (GZD-824, Rebastinib and Ponatinib) kinase inhibitors that bind to the closed or open conformations of the LRRK2 kinase domain, respectively. We show that Type I and Type II inhibitors suppress phosphorylation of Rab10 and Rab12, key physiological substrates of LRRK2 and also...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (14): 2825–2842.
Published: 23 July 2021
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (7): 1377–1397.
Published: 16 April 2021
...Nicola J. Darling; Philip Cohen The salt-inducible kinases, SIK1, SIK2 and SIK3, most closely resemble the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and other AMPK-related kinases, and like these family members they require phosphorylation by LKB1 to be catalytically active. However, unlike other AMPK...
Articles
Amy E. Campbell, Catarina Ferraz Franco, Ling-I Su, Emma K. Corbin, Simon Perkins, Anton Kalyuzhnyy, Andrew R. Jones, Philip J. Brownridge, Neil D. Perkins, Claire E. Eyers
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (3): 533–551.
Published: 10 February 2021
...Amy E. Campbell; Catarina Ferraz Franco; Ling-I Su; Emma K. Corbin; Simon Perkins; Anton Kalyuzhnyy; Andrew R. Jones; Philip J. Brownridge; Neil D. Perkins; Claire E. Eyers Different types of DNA damage can initiate phosphorylation-mediated signalling cascades that result in stimulus specific pro...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (19): 3575–3596.
Published: 08 October 2021
...Rajasree Kalagiri; Tony Hunter Histidine phosphorylation is an important and ubiquitous post-translational modification. Histidine undergoes phosphorylation on either of the nitrogens in its imidazole side chain, giving rise to 1- and 3- phosphohistidine (pHis) isomers, each having...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (2): 341–355.
Published: 27 January 2021
... phosphatase PHLPP. This phosphatase regulates PKC steady-state levels by regulating the phosphorylation of a key site, the hydrophobic motif, whose phosphorylation is necessary for the stability of the enzyme. We also consider whether the phosphorylation of the potent oncogene KRAS provides a mechanism...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (13): 2619–2664.
Published: 16 July 2021
... the homeostatic feedback mechanisms that limit and ‘re-set’ inducible activation of NF-κB. We first describe the key components of the signalling pathways leading to activation of NF-κB, including the prominent role of protein phosphorylation and protein ubiquitylation, before briefly introducing the key features...
Articles
Yi Liu, Sung-Mi Kim, YongQiang Wang, Shay Karkashon, Ariel Lewis-Ballester, Syun-Ru Yeh, Maria Almira Correia
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (10): 1999–2017.
Published: 28 May 2021
..., with protein kinases A and C, we identified 13 phosphorylated Ser/Thr (pS/pT) sites. Mapping these pS/pT sites on the hTDO surface revealed their propinquity to acidic Asp/Glu (D/E) residues engendering negatively charged DEpSpT clusters vicinal to the ubiquitination K-sites over the entire protein surface...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (8): 1647–1661.
Published: 30 April 2021
...-phosphorylated serine residues in the central PEST domain of MYC. Loss of serine pyrophosphorylation in the PEST domain lowers the extent of MYC polyubiquitination and increases its stability. Fusion to the MYC PEST domain lowers the stability of GFP, but this effect is dependent on the extent of PEST domain...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (8): 1511–1513.
Published: 21 April 2021
...Sarah C. Stainbrook; Joseph M. Jez P-type ATPase are ubiquitous transport proteins across all kingdoms of life. These proteins share a common mechanism involving phosphorylation of an invariant aspartate to facilitate movement of substrates from protons to phospholipids across cellular membranes...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (7): 1413–1434.
Published: 16 April 2021
... fragment, which contains a NIDO domain, and demonstrated experimentally SNED1's potential to be glycosylated, phosphorylated, and incorporated into an insoluble ECM. We also determined the secondary and tertiary structures of SNED1 and its N-terminal fragment and obtained a model for its NIDO domain. Using...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Marcel Welle, Jesper T. Pedersen, Tina Ravnsborg, Maki Hayashi, Sandra Maaß, Dörte Becher, Ole N. Jensen, Christine Stöhr, Michael Palmgren
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (3): 619–632.
Published: 12 February 2021
... and hydrogen peroxide. In all Na + /K + , Ca 2+ , and H + pumping P-type ATPases, a cysteine residue is present two residues upstream of the essential aspartate residue, which is obligatorily phosphorylated in each catalytic cycle. Despite its conservation, the function of this cysteine residue was hitherto...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (14): 2733–2758.
Published: 23 July 2021
..., and membranes, and mature into intracellular inclusions such as Lewy bodies (LBs), or Lewy neurites (LNs) [ 30 ]. Analogous to amyloid plaques or NFTs in AD, LBs, and LNs are the hallmark structures identified in postmortem analyses of PD patient brains. Extensive phosphorylation of αSyn specifically at Ser129...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (3): 511–532.
Published: 10 February 2021
... ]. Table 1 Histone post-translational modifications summary PTM Structure Donor Residues Writers Erasers References Acetylation (ac) Acetyl-CoA K HATs HDACs [ 17 , 30 , 172 ] Methylation (me) SAM K, R HMTs HDMs [ 23 , 24 , 29 , 30 ] Phosphorylation (ph...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (14): 2899–2920.
Published: 28 July 2021
... stem cells or adult stem cells [ 9 ]. Similarly, CSCs and SCs from the same tissue are regulated by similar molecular mechanisms [ 10 , 11 ]. As phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways are often deregulated in human cancers, it is not surprising that deregulated phosphosignaling plays...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (10): 1943–1958.
Published: 24 May 2021
... methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, has been termed the ‘histone code’ [ 1 , 5 ]. Single or combinatorial histone codes dictate the formation of specific chromatin-associated protein complexes that are involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. Histone H3K4me3 is found...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (18): 3467–3483.
Published: 30 September 2021
... modifications (PTMs) either on the substrate, on BRCA1/BARD1, or both may affect ligase activity. PTMs including acetylation, phosphorylation, proline isomerization, ubiquitylation, and SUMOylation have been reported on BRCA1/BARD1 [ 78–82 ]. Several have been observed to modulate ligase function in vitro...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (23): 4071–4092.
Published: 06 December 2021
... , center) is a co-factor or co-enzyme used in many metabolic reactions. Several enzymes in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle use NAD + to generate NADH. NADH is mainly used in oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP, during which NADH is oxidized back to NAD + . In cancer cells subject to the Warburg...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (15): 2999–3014.
Published: 10 August 2021
... regulation of AR as a substrate comes from studies showing that androgen binding to the C-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD) induces multi-site serine phosphorylation in the N-terminal domain of AR [ 10 ]. To address the question of whether androgen binding to AR induces a structure that is critical...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (19): 3505–3525.
Published: 06 October 2021
... SN4741 cells are also enabled for DJ-1 dependent ERK signaling, control and DJ-1 KO SN4741 cells were treated with 0.5 mM H 2 O 2 at 33°C for indicated times and phosphorylation levels of ERK were assessed by Western analysis using anti-phospho ERK antibody. ERK activation was reduced in DJ-1 KO cells...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (12): 2339–2357.
Published: 23 June 2021
....; * P ≤ 0.05, Student's t -test. The question remained as to how RAB7A was membrane bound, but not able to recruit retromer. In recent years, RAB7A has been shown to be phosphorylated [ 24–26 ], ubiquitinated [ 27 ] and palmitoylated [ 22 ]. These post-translational modifications have been...
Includes: Supplementary data
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (19): 3485–3504.
Published: 06 October 2021
... by ubiquinone, with coenzyme Q acting as an electron acceptor. It is through coenzyme Q that H 2 S metabolism is coupled to ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation, making H 2 S a rare example of an inorganic compound capable of fuelling mammalian oxidative phosphorylation [ 14 ]. The product...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (1): 261–279.
Published: 15 January 2021
... for ubiquitin . J. Biol. Chem. 282 , 23010 – 23014 10.1074/jbc.C700111200 17 Stephen , A.G. , Trausch-Azar , J.S. , Ciechanover , A. and Schwartz , A.L. ( 1996 ) The ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 is phosphorylated and localized to the nucleus in a cell cycle-dependent manner...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (12): 2179–2199.
Published: 18 June 2021
... by examining the phosphorylation of the transcription factor c-jun. Phospho-c-Jun is downstream in the JNK signaling pathway, which is part of the cellular response activated by proteasome stress [ 24 ]. Here, we found no difference in GET4 protein levels when compared with vehicle-treated cells ( Figure 9A,B...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (4): 703–719.
Published: 18 February 2021
..., as well as shorter O-linked glycans (e.g. O -GlcNAc, T antigen, Tn antigens) are all represented at the cell surface. These glycans are installed by a symphony of ∼200 glycosyltransferase enzymes working in concert [ 10 ], and additional sulfation and phosphorylation modifications are added by dedicated...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Journal
Biochem J (2021) 478 (15): 3015–3024.
Published: 10 August 2021
.... groups of Prof. Julia Forman-Kay, Prof. Monica Fuxreiter, and Prof. Birthe Kragelund) to show that such a type of interaction represents an important disorder-based binding mechanism, giving rise to the ultrasensitive ‘polyelectrostatic’ interaction mode that relies on the multiple phosphorylation sites...
