...Jinqing Li; Zichao Yang; Han Liu; Mengjie Qiu; Tingting Zhang; Wenjuan Li; Zhaofeng Li; Tao Qi; Yurong Qiu; Lin Li; Xuefeng Zhou; Shuwen Liu; Suiyi Tan Semen-derived amyloid fibrils, comprising SEVI (semen-derived enhancer of viral infection) fibrils and SEM1 fibrils, could remarkably enhance HIV-1...

...David Harrich; Hongping Jin The HIV-1 tat gene encodes a small 86–104 amino acid protein depending on the HIV-1 strain. Tat is essential for HIV-1 replication through interactions with numerous cellular transcription factors. The interaction between Tat and P-TEFb, which is a cellular protein...

... external region or its derivative peptide Trp3. DAVEI exhibits potent and irreversible inactivation of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus) viruses by dual engagement of gp120 and gp41. However, the promiscuity of CVN to associate with multiple glycosylation sites in gp120 and its multivalency limit...

...Anna Garbelli; Valentina Riva; Emmanuele Crespan; Giovanni Maga Infections by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), are still totaling an appalling 36.7 millions worldwide, with 1.1 million AIDS deaths/year...

...Richa Kapoor; Sakshi Arora; Sanket S. Ponia; Binod Kumar; Subbareddy Maddika; Akhil C. Banerjea HIV-1 relies heavily on the host cellular machinery for its replication. During infection, HIV-1 is known to modulate the host-cell miRNA profile. One of the miRNAs, miR-34a , is up-regulated by HIV-1...

..., the lipid backbone of DHSM (dihydrosphingomyelin), and an HIV-1 envelope-derived peptide. Surprisingly, we discovered a partnership between the lipid and the peptide that impaired early membrane fusion events by reducing CD4 receptor lateral diffusion and HIV-1 fusion peptide-mediated lipid mixing. Moreover...

... time that ivermectin has potent antiviral activity towards both HIV-1 and dengue virus, both of which are strongly reliant on importin α/β nuclear import, with respect to the HIV-1 integrase and NS5 (non-structural protein 5) polymerase proteins respectively. Ivermectin would appear to be an invaluable...

...Verónica Barrioluengo; Mar Álvarez; Daniela Barbieri; Luis Menéndez-Arias Wild-type HIV-1 group O RT (reverse transcriptase) shows increased thermostability in comparison with HIV-1 group M subtype B RT and MLV (murine leukaemia virus) RT. However, its utility in the amplification of RNA targets...

... necrosis factor α). We have also investigated the integrity of Dicer, and provide evidence that Dicer is a target for caspases during apoptosis. The cleavage of Dicer is stimulidependent and more pronounced when apoptosis is induced by PKC (protein kinase C) inhibitors, and can also be observed in HIV-1...

... and that it mediates powerful platelet aggregation by the snake venom toxin rhodocytin. In addition, we have provided indirect evidence for an endogenous ligand for CLEC-2 in renal cells expressing HIV-1. This putative ligand facilitates transmission of HIV through its incorporation into the viral envelope and binding...

...Carlos Cruchaga; Elena Anso; María Font; Virginia S. Martino; Ana Rouzaut; Juan J. Martinez-Irujo Inhibitors of the excision reaction catalysed by HIV-1 RT (reverse transcriptase) represent a promising approach in the fight against HIV, because these molecules would interfere with the main...

... in the abrogation of cellular protein synthesis. We report that infection of MT-2 cells with HIV-1 leads to efficient proteolysis of PABP. Analysis of PABP integrity was carried out in BHK-21 (baby-hamster kidney) and COS-7 cells upon individual expression of the protease from several members of the Retroviridae...

..., induced in response to IFN-γ (interferon-γ) in some cells, and constitutively expressed in others. In this issue of the Biochemical Journal , Remoli and colleagues describe the manipulation of the immunoproteasome by the Tat (transcriptional activation) protein of HIV. The authors show that Tat...

...Amer Qureshi; Richard Zheng; Terry Parlett; Xiaoju Shi; Priyadhashini Balaraman; Sihem Cheloufi; Brendan Murphy; Christine Guntermann; Peter Eagles The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 are required for HIV-1 to enter cells, and the progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS involves a switch...

...Kausik Chakraborty; P. Shivakumar; S. Raghothama; Raghavan Varadarajan gp120 is a subunit of the Env (viral envelope protein) of HIV-1. The protein consists of inner and outer domains linked by a bridging sheet. Several gp120 residues that bind the neutralizing antibody 17b as well as the cellular...

...Sarah BOURBIGOT; Hervé BELTZ; Jérôme DENIS; Nelly MORELLET; Bernard P. ROQUES; Yves MÉLY; Serge BOUAZIZ HIV-1 Vpr is a highly conserved accessory protein that is involved in many functions of the virus life cycle. Vpr facilitates the entry of the HIV pre-integration complex through the nuclear pore...

...Clara E. CASES-GONZÁLEZ; Luis MENÉNDEZ-ARIAS Ala-114, together with Asp-113, Tyr-115 and Gln-151, form the pocket that accommodates the 3′-OH of the incoming dNTP in the HIV-1 RT (reverse transcriptase). Four mutant RTs having serine, glycine, threonine or valine instead of Ala-114 were obtained...

...Reynel CANCIO; Silvio SPADARI; Giovanni MAGA The HIV-1 accessory protein Vif was found to modulate the RNA- and DNA-dependent DNA synthesis activity of the viral RT (reverse transcriptase) in two ways: (i) it stimulated the binding of the viral RT to the primer by increasing the association rate k...

...Salomé VEIGA; Sónia HENRIQUES; Nuno C. SANTOS; Miguel CASTANHO Partition of the intrinsically fluorescent HIV fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide into lipidic membranes is relatively high (Δ G =6.6 kcal·mol −1 ) and modulated by cholesterol. A shallow position in the lipidic matrix makes it readily...

...O. TURRIZIANI; J.D. SCHUETZ; F. FOCHER; C. SCAGNOLARI; J. SAMPATH; M. ADACHI; F. BAMBACIONI; E. RIVA; G. ANTONELLI Cellular factors may contribute to the decreased efficacy of chemotherapy in HIV infection. Indeed, prolonged treatment with nucleoside analogues, such as azidothymidine (AZT), 2′,3...

...Iris OZ; Orna AVIDAN; Amnon HIZI We present evidence that the integrases (INs) of HIV types 1 and 2 are inhibited in vitro by the reverse transcriptases (RTs) of HIV-1, HIV-2 and murine leukaemia virus. Both 3′-end processing and 3′-end joining (strand transfer) activities of IN were affected...