... cycloheximide or the proteasome-inhibitor MG132, and supported by computational modeling, we show that Smyd1 is SUMOylated in a PML-dependent manner and thereby addressed for degradation in proteasomes. Furthermore, transfection with Smyd1-encoding vectors led to PML up-regulation at the mRNA level, while PML...

... the overall activity of the enzyme. Here we report that hTERT gets SUMOylated by SUMO1 and polycomb protein CBX4 acts as the SUMO E3 ligase of hTERT. hTERT SUMOylation positively regulates its telomerase activity which can be inhibited by SENP3-mediated deSUMOylation. Interestingly, we have established a new...

... fidelity; and error-free DDT is mediated by K63-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA at the same residue of monoubiquitination, which facilitates homologous recombination-mediated template switch. Interestingly, the same PCNA residue is also subjected to sumoylation, which leads to inhibition of unwanted...

...Bing Liu; L. Maria Lois; David Reverter SUMOylation of proteins involves the concerted action of the E1-activating enzyme, E2-conjugating enzyme and E3-ligases. An essential discrimination step in the SUMOylation pathway corresponds to the initial interaction between E1 ubiquitin-fold domain (UFD...

... that CoREST (CoREST1, RCOR1) and its homologs CoREST2 (RCOR2) and CoREST3 (RCOR3) interact with PIASγ (protein inhibitor of activated STAT), a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier)-E3-ligase. PIASγ increases the stability of CoREST proteins and facilitates their SUMOylation by SUMO-2. Interestingly, the SUMO...

... to chromatin. Despite diverse studies on the functions of the Isw1-containing complexes, molecular evidence for a regulation of this chromatin remodeling ATPase is still elusive. Results presented here indicate that Isw1 is not only ubiquitylated but also strongly SUMOylated on multiple lysine residues...

..., Cullin, F-box (SCF) SLY1 complex, are modulated at the post-translational level have not been addressed. In the present study, we show that the E3 SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) ligase AtSIZ1 regulates gibberellic acid signalling in Arabidopsis species by sumoylating SLY1. SLY1 was less abundant...

... lines and rat brain. Both hS1MB4 and hS1MB5 compared favourably with commercially available antibodies and were highly selective for binding to SUMO1 over SUMO2/3 in pull-down assays against endogenous and overexpressed SUMO and SUMOylated proteins. Monobodies expressed in HeLa cells displayed a nuclear...

...Magdalena Sedek; Ger J. Strous Jak2 (Janus kinase 2) initiates the signal transduction of many cytokine receptors. We discovered that Jak2 is SUMOylated on multiple lysine residues by SUMO2/3 (small ubiquitin-related modifier 2/3) chains. Analysis of Jak2 mutants revealed that Jak2 SUMOylation...

.... Moreover, the presence of a NLS (nuclear localization signal) was essential for its entry into the nucleus. Nuclear exit of EHD2 depended partially on its NES (nuclear export signal). Elimination of a potential SUMOylation site in EHD2 resulted in a major accumulation of the protein in the nucleus...

... and drives the heritable nature of epigenetic modifications. The mechanistic details that explain how DNMT1 catalytic action is directed and regulated in chromatin are important in our overall understanding of gene control. In this work, we show that DNMT1 is modified by SUMOylation and we have mapped...

...-mediated repression was independent of LRH-1 SUMOylation status. In addition, histone deacetylase activity was not involved in the inhibition of LRH-1 by PIASy. Immunoprecipitation and mammalian two-hybrid analyses indicated that PIASy interacted with LRH-1 through the C-terminal region, including the AF-2...

...Bing Li; Jing Zhou; Peng Liu; Jialei Hu; Hong Jin; Yohei Shimono; Masahide Takahashi; Guoliang Xu The ‘ de novo methyltransferase’ Dnmt3a (DNA methyltransferase 3a) has been shown to mediate transcriptional repression. Post-translational modification of Dnmt3a by SUMOylation affects its ability...

... of the processing or turnover of these proteins represents potential targets for the development of AD therapies. Sumoylation is a process by which SUMOs (small ubiquitin-like modifiers) are covalently conjugated to target proteins, resulting in a number of functional consequences. These include regulation...

... (email [email protected] ). 20 3 2006 18 5 2006 2 6 2006 2 6 2006 The Biochemical Society, London 2006 For constructing GST–SUMO-Gly-Gly-STOP (where STOP is Stop codon) constructs to be used with in vitro SUMOylation assays, AtSUMO ( AtSUMO-1 , - 2 , - 3...

... per min by ATP-dependent chromatin remodellers. Unlike other members of the SNF2 family, ARIP4 does not appear to form large protein complexes in vivo or remodel mononucleosomes in vitro . ARIP4 is covalently modified by sumoylation, and mutation of six potential SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier...

... of these precursors by SUMO-specific proteases in maturation is a prerequisite for subsequent sumoylation. To understand further this proteolytic processing, we expressed and purified SENP1 (sentrin-specific protease 1), one of the SUMO-specific proteases, using an Escherichia coli expression system. We show...

..., increasing Sp3 levels in AP-2γ-expressing cells led to the repression of AP-2γ promoter activity, particularly when Sp3 inhibitory function was maximized through sumoylation. We propose that differences in the level and activity of Sp3 between breast tumour lines can determine the expression level...

... ligases are required, SUMO-conjugating enzymes are sufficient for substrate recognition and conjugation of SUMO on to target proteins, at least in vitro . Thus SUMO-conjugating enzymes are likely to be important regulators of sumoylation. Here, we report on the characterization of two hus5 alleles...

... Ubc9 is known to interact with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor. In the present study, we show that GR is post-translationally modified by SUMO-1 (sumoylated) in a ligand-enhanced fashion. We identify experimentally three consensus SUMO attachment sites, two...