...Bin Li; Jue Liang; Margaret A. Phillips; Anthony J. Michael The only known pathway for biosynthesis of the polyamine norspermidine starts from aspartate β-semialdehyde to form the diamine 1,3-diaminopropane, which is then converted to norspermidine via a carboxynorspermidine intermediate...

... geranylgeranyl diphosphate via ent -copalyl diphosphate ( ent -CDP). The successive cyclization is catalyzed by two distinct diterpene synthases, ent -CDP synthase ( ent -CPS) and ent -kaurene synthase (KS). Homologs of these diterpene synthase genes have been reported to be involved in the biosynthesis...

... was concentrated by centrifugation at 5000 g using centrifugal filters (Amicon Ultra, 30 kDa cut-off, Millipore) and applied to a Superdex 200 gel filtration column (2.6 × 60 cm) equilibrated with the same buffer. biosynthesis carbon monoxide cyanide Fe-S proteins maturation redox activity Gas...

... in the Pseudomonads bacteria. Interestingly, rhamnose is notably absent from humans and other animals, which poses unique opportunities for drug discovery targeted towards rhamnose utilizing enzymes from pathogenic bacteria. Whilst the biosynthesis of nucleotide-activated rhamnose (NDP-rhamnose) is well studied...

... within, including structure, biosynthesis and roles in pathogenesis. * Gurdyal S. Besra was the recipient of the 2020 Morton Lecture from the Biochemical Society. 9 3 2020 30 4 2020 4 5 2020 Figure 3. Free lipid structures. ( a ) PDIM (Phthiocerol dimycocerosate) and ( b...

...Bin Li; Shin Kurihara; Sok Ho Kim; Jue Liang; Anthony J. Michael The only known function of S -adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is to supply, with its partner aminopropyltransferase enzymes such as spermidine synthase (SpdSyn), the aminopropyl donor for polyamine biosynthesis. Polyamine...

... on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2017 biosynthesis evolutionary biology metabolism polyamines To provide a conceptual context for considering the evolutionary mechanisms that generate biosynthetic diversity, it is useful to have some perspective of the genomic and biological diversity...

... on the biosynthesis of a closely related sugar, ascarylose, found in the ascaroside pheromones. Therefore, the rhamnose and ascarylose biosynthetic pathways are distinct. We also show that transcriptional reporters for the rhamnose biosynthetic genes are expressed highly in the embryo, in the hypodermis during...

... and the dehydrogenase domain of NOX2. biosynthesis cytochrome b 558 NOX2 p22 phox precursor p65 X − -CGD Nevertheless, the regions of NOX2 that are important for its synthesis and stability have not been determined. Indeed, the synthesis of cyt b 558 is a complex process because it involves...

... proteins (HypA–HypF) are necessary for NiFe(CN) 2 CO cofactor biosynthesis in Escherichia coli . It has been shown that the anaerobically purified HypC–HypD–HypE scaffold complex carries the Fe(CN) 2 CO moiety of this cofactor. In the present study, we have purified the HybG–HypDE complex and used...

...William B. Musgrave; Hankuil Yi; Dustin Kline; Jeffrey C. Cameron; Jonathan Wignes; Sanghamitra Dey; Himadri B. Pakrasi; Joseph M. Jez Glutathione biosynthesis catalysed by GCL (glutamate-cysteine ligase) and GS (glutathione synthetase) is essential for maintaining redox homoeostasis and protection...

... PSS1 and PSS2. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 5 8 2008 10 11 2008 18 11 2008 18 11 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 biosynthesis membrane phosphatidylcholine...

...Martin C. Taylor; Harparkash Kaur; Bernard Blessington; John M. Kelly; Shane R. Wilkinson The trypanocidal activity of the ODC (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor DFMO (difluoromethylornithine) has validated polyamine biosynthesis as a target for chemotherapy. As DFMO is one of only two drugs used...

... Society, London 2005 arachidonic acid biosynthesis cytochrome P450 free radical microsomal epoxidation and hydroxylation trans fatty acid In addition to functioning as a precursor of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, AA (arachidonic acid) is also a target for free radical-mediated...

... that the enzyme has a role in the nervous regulation of the respiratory system. No physiological substrate has been identified yet. To better understand the function(s) of this enzyme, we have expressed human ECEL1 in cultured cells and monitored its biosynthesis and subcellular localization. Immunoblot and cell...

... transfected HEK-293 cells or COS7 cells with [ 3 H]palmitic acid failed to produce any detectable AE1 palmitoylation. These results suggest that AE1 is not palmitoylated in HEK-293 or COS7 cells and can traffic to the plasma membrane. anion exchanger 1 (AE1) biosynthesis cysteine membrane protein...

... associated with intracellular organelles and, particularly, mitochondria. GSL biosynthesis starts with the formation of ceramide in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is transported by controversial mechanisms to the Golgi apparatus, where stepwise addition of monosaccharides on to ceramides takes place...

... To whom correspondence should be addressed, at the Department of Medicine (e-mail [email protected] ). 10 4 2002 6 8 2002 13 9 2002 13 9 2002 The Biochemical Society, London ©2002 2002 band 3 biosynthesis membrane protein Abbreviations used: AE1, anion...

... for this site was obtained from deletion mutants removing this region of the protein, which blocked secretion. Finally, pulse—chase analyses of Muc4/SMC biosynthesis indicated no kinetic difference between the timing of the cleavage to release the soluble form and that to produce the two subunits, indicating...

..., but the nature of such structural alterations has not been characterized in detail. We analysed the effect of BFA on HS biosynthesis in Madin—Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, in which the Golgi complex is more resistant towards BFA than in most other cell types. We found that MDCK cells were able to secrete HS...

... of H 4 folate, in particular the transfer of activated formyl groups, as in purine biosynthesis. Evidence bearing upon whether H 4 MPT participates in thymidylate synthesis is discussed. Findings on the biosynthesis and phylogenetic distribution of the two carriers and their evolutionary implications...

.... 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail Paraskevi.Heldin@;medkem.uu.se). 22 11 1999 4 2 2000 1 3 2000 The Biochemical Society, London © 2000 2000 biosynthesis growth factors regulation signal transduction Biochem. J. (2000) 348, 29 35 (Printed...

... the human exon 11-minus receptor isoform. The three glycosylation sites not mutated were asparagine residues 25, 397 and 894, which are known to be important in receptor biosynthesis or function. The effects of these mutations on proreceptor processing into α and β subunits, cell-surface expression, insulin...

... The Biochemical Society, London © 1999 1999 biosynthesis galactolipid glucolipid sulphoquinovose sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol Biochem. J. (1999) 344, 185 187 (Printed in Great Britain) 185 Re-evaluation of plant sulpholipid labelling from UDP-[14C]glucose in pea chloroplasts Alexander B. ROY1...

... the folding of this loop enhanced the level of N-glycosylation at Asn 743 in vitro . The results suggest that this loop might be transiently exposed to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum during biosynthesis but normally folds rapidly, precluding N-glycosylation. EC loop 4 insertions into positions 428...