... regions or ‘caps’. It correlated with the degradation of talin and filamin observed only in PS-positive platelets. Calpain inhibitors essentially prevented the disruption of membrane glycoprotein attachment in PS-positive platelets, as well as talin and filamin degradation. With the suggestion...

...-unrelated inhibitors of calpain suppress formation of endocytic vacuoles, suggesting that this Ca 2+ -dependent protease is a mediator between Ca 2+ elevation and endocytic vacuole formation. Endocytic vacuoles are ‘initiating’ organelles in the development of acute pancreatitis. In the present study, we...

...Teresa Arnandis; Ivan Ferrer-Vicens; Luis Torres; Concha García; Elena R. Garcia-Trevijano; Rosa Zaragoza; Juan R. Viña Calpains become activated in the mammary gland early during weaning, cleaving several proteins located mainly in the cell membrane, but also in other organelles such as lysosomes...

... unknown. In the present paper, we demonstrate that skNAC regulates calpain activity. Specifically, we show that inhibition of skNAC gene expression leads to enhanced, and overexpression of the skNAC gene to repressed, activity of calpain 1 and, to a lesser extent, calpain 3 in myoblasts. In skNAC siRNA...

...- and dose-dependent manner, PAD negatively regulated enolase activity via citrullination, and enolase in diseased patients was more inactive than in controls. Interestingly, the citrullination of enolase effectively promoted its proteolytic degradation by Ca 2+ -dependent calpain-1, and leupeptin (calpain...

..., analysed the consequences of defective myotilin degradation and tested whether disease-causing myotilin mutations result in altered protein turnover. The results indicate that myotilin is a substrate for the Ca 2+ -dependent protease calpain and identify two calpain cleavage sites in myotilin by MS. We...

...André Struglics; Maria Hansson Mature aggrecan is generally C-terminally truncated at several sites in the CS (chondroitin sulfate) region. Aggrecanases and MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) have been suggested to be responsible for this digestion. To identify whether calpain, a common intracellular...

... by thapsigargin or A23187, we observed a Ca 2+ -dependent active degradation of PON2 mRNA, elicited by its 5′-untranslated region. In addition, thapsigargin and A23187 also induced PON2 protein degradation by a Ca 2+ -dependent calpain-mediated mechanism. Thus we provide evidence that independent mechanisms...

... and the NO donor DEA/NO (diethylamine–nitric oxide sodium complex) both inhibited protein synthesis and this effect persisted after a 30 min exposure. Treatments with NMDA or NO promoted calpain-dependent eIF4G cleavage and 4E-BP1 (eIF4E-binding protein 1) dephosphorylation and also abolished the formation...

...Ming Cheng Liu; Veronica Akle; Wenrong Zheng; Jitendra R. Dave; Frank C. Tortella; Ronald L. Hayes; Kevin K. W. Wang A major theme of TBI (traumatic brain injury) pathology is the over-activation of multiple proteases. We have previously shown that calpain-1 and -2, and caspase-3 simultaneously...

... in RCP. PEST motifs play a role in targeting a protein for proteolytic degradation. We have demonstrated that RCP undergoes calcium-dependent degradation which can be prevented by specific calpain inhibitors. Using a mutant, lacking the three PEST sequences, RCP ΔPEST , we demonstrated...

...Zoltán BOZÓKY; Anita ALEXA; Peter TOMPA; Peter FRIEDRICH Typical calpains in mammals become activated on binding of 8–12 Ca 2+ ions per enzyme molecule, giving an example of integrated, manifold regulation by calcium. Besides two identified Ca 2+ sites in catalytic domain II and several EF-hand...

... studies have implicated MARCKS in the stabilization of cytoskeletal structures during cell differentiation. The present study was performed to investigate the potential role of Ca 2+ -dependent proteinases (calpains) during myogenesis via proteolysis of MARCKS. It was first demonstrated that MARCKS...

... and glycosaminoglycan-bearing truncated species is (are) unknown. N-terminal sequencing of aggrecan core fragments generated by m-calpain digestion of bovine aggrecan has identified four novel cleavage sites: one within the CS (chondroitin sulphate)-1 domain (at one or more of the bonds Ser 1229 –Val 1230 , Ser 1249...

...Attila FARKAS; Peter TOMPA; Éva SCHÁD; Rita SINKA; Gáspár JÉKELY; Peter FRIEDRICH Calpain B is one of the two calpain homologues in Drosophila melanogaster that are proteolytically active. We studied its activation by Ca 2+ both in vitro and in vivo , in Schneider (S2) cells. Activation involves...

...David S. PAUL; Anne W. HARMON; Courtney P. WINSTON; Yashomati M. PATEL Calpains are a family of non-lysosomal cysteine proteases. Recent studies have identified a member of the calpain family of proteases, calpain 10, as a putative diabetes-susceptibility gene that may be involved...

... membrane. Here, we show that specific regions of the N-terminus of IP 3 -3KB are necessary and sufficient for efficient membrane localization of the protein. We also report that, in the presence of Ca 2+ , the kinase domain of IP 3 -3KB is cleaved from the membrane-anchoring region by calpain...

... that oxLDL-induced death of HMEC-1 cells is accompanied by activation of calpain. The μ-calpain inhibitor PD 151746 decreased oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity, whereas the general caspase inhibitor BAF (t-butoxycarbonyl-Asp-methoxyfluoromethylketone) had no effect. Also, oxLDL provoked calpain-dependent...

..., PKC∊ or PKCΔ isoforms (CDα, CD∊ and CDΔ respectively) accumulated, and this accumulation was dependent on the activity of both calpain and caspase; and (2) transient expression of CDα, CD∊ or CDΔ sufficed to induce apoptosis. However, following this initial step of proteolytic activation, the pathways...

... by the PtdIns-specific-PLC inhibitor ET-18-OCH 3 and the calpain inhibitor calpeptin, suggesting that 3-kinase activation in BBM lies downstream of PLC activation in BLM and is a calpain-mediated event. Moreover, the increase in immunoprecipitable PI3K-C2β activity, which is sensitive to wortmannin (10nM...

... and breast cancer cell lines by Western-blot analysis shows a lack of tensin expression in most cancer cell lines, whereas these lines express considerable amounts of focal-adhesion molecules such as talin and focal-adhesion kinase. Finally, tensin is rapidly cleaved by a focal-adhesion protease, calpain II...