... bonds and a cell wall binding domain (CBD) that binds a cell wall epitope, such as a surface carbohydrate, providing some degree of specificity for the endolysin. Whilst the EADs typically cluster into conserved mechanistic classes with well-defined active sites, relatively little is known about...

...–Hünermann–Happle syndrome or in fungi after amine fungicide treatment, leads to cell wall weakness. We have studied the influence of Δ 8 -sterols on the activity of glucan synthase I, the protein synthetizing the main polymer in fungal cell walls, its regulation by the Cell Wall Integrity (CWI) pathway...

... responds promptly to Cu 2+ at high non-toxic concentration, by mucilage release, alterations in the architecture of the outer cell wall layer and lipid structures, and polyphosphate accumulation within mucilage matrix. The main route of copper detoxification is by Cu 2+ coordination to polyphosphates...

... and infectivity is largely due to its unique waxy cell envelope, 40% of which comprises complex lipids. Therefore, an understanding of the structure and function of the cell wall lipids is of huge indirect clinical significance. This review provides a synopsis of the cell envelope and the major lipids contained...

... by deposition and remodelling of the cell wall, a rigid, yet dynamic, extracellular network. It is thus generally assumed that cell wall surveillance pathways exist to monitor the state of the wall and, if needed, elicit compensatory responses such as altered expression of cell wall remodelling and biosynthesis...

... Candida albicans is a yeast responsible for serious infections in immunocompromised patients. In the present paper, we report the identification of an enzyme that initiates the synthesis of a bioactive cell wall carbohydrate antigenic factor, the β-mannans. cell wall glycosyltransferase β-mannose...

...Dominic Böth; Eva Maria Steiner; Atsushi Izumi; Gunter Schneider; Robert Schnell Enzymes carrying NlpC/p60 domains, for instance RipA and RipB from Mycobacterium tuberculosis , are bacterial peptidoglycan hydrolases that cleave the peptide stems and contribute to cell wall remodelling during cell...

...Marián Mazáň; Enrico Ragni; Laura Popolo; Vladimír Farkaš BGTs [β-(1,3)-glucanosyltransglycosylases; EC 2.4.1.-] of the GH72 (family 72 of glycosylhydrolases) are GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins that play an important role in the biogenesis of fungal cell walls. They randomly...

... of Bacillus subtilis spores, in response to cell wall muropeptides. The presence of muropeptides in the bacterial extracellular milieu is a strong signal that the growing conditions are promising. In the present paper, we report the X-ray structure of the entire extracellular region of PrkC from S. aureus...

... transacylase). Deletion of the GPI motif to create PLB1 GPI− resulted in a redistribution of activity from the cell wall and membranes to the secreted and cytosolic fractions, with 36–54% of the total activity being secreted as compared with <5% for PLB1. PLB1 produced the maximum cell-associated activity...

..., glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphoglycerol, glycerophosphoserine and bis-glycerophosphoglycerol), releasing sn -glycerol 3-phosphate and the corresponding alcohol. In a previous study, we demonstrated the existence of a novel GPX-PDE in the cell walls and vacuoles of plant cells. Since no GPX-PDE had been identified...

... are important cell-wall and/or plasma-membrane components in their own right and can also be hyperglycosylated to form other wall components, such as lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan. We have investigated the steps involved in the biosynthesis of the major PIM species in a new M. smegmatis cell-free system...