... assimilation and metabolite levels in aco1 and aco2 . Relative levels of fumarate and malate differed between aco2 and aco3 , indicating metabolically isolated pools of these metabolites in seedlings. Our inability to enrich ACO protein through mitochondria isolation, and the reduced cytosolic ACO activity...

..., regulating proliferation, PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt signalling and cell viability. Evidence is also emerging that GRP78 serves as a receptor for viral entry into host cells. Additionally, a novel cytosolic form of GRP78 has been discovered prominently in leukaemia cells. These, coupled...

... and that misfolded ones are degraded by the ubiquitin–proteasome system. During the degradation of misfolded glycoproteins, they are deglycosylated by the PNGase (peptide:N-glycanase). The free oligosaccharides released by PNGase are known to be further catabolized by a cytosolic α-mannosidase, although the gene...

... activation of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)–PKB (protein kinase B) signalling. Activation of PI3K–PKB signalling results in the phosphorylation of FoxO factors on three conserved phosphorylation motifs, which are essential for the translocation of FoxO factors from the nucleus to the cytosol. FoxO6...

...) treatment re-established MHC I expression on these EP24.15-overexpressing cells, and also induced EP24.15 cytosolic protein expression and enzyme activity. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of cytokine-induced EP24.15 expression and activity. Conversely, stable retroviral silencing...

... activity. It is possible that tTG can exert PDI activity in a fairly reducing environment like cytosol, where most of tTG is found. It is quite obvious from the following observations that PDI activity of tTG is catalysed by a domain different from that used for the transglutaminase reaction. Although...

... INTRODUCTION UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase; EC 2.7.7.9) is a key activity, producing UDP-glucose, the direct or indirect precursor to oligo- and polysaccharides in all organisms [1 4]. Plant UGPase exists predominantly as a soluble cytosolic protein, but a membrane-bound UGPase has also been reported...

...Tony LEFEBVRE; Caroline CIENIEWSKI; Jérôme LEMOINE; Yann GUERARDEL; Yves LEROY; Jean-Pierre ZANETTA; Jean-Claude MICHALSKI Cytosolic and nuclear O - linked N-acetylglucosaminylation has been proposed to be involved in the nuclear transport of cytosolic proteins. We have isolated nuclear...

... and characterization of a canine cytosolic sulphotransferase (SULT). The overall primary structure of this enzyme is very similar to that of a rat phenol-sulphating enzyme found in the EMBL Database and to a mouse SULT termed amine-N-sulphotransferase (81% identity). The expressed canine SULT conjugates small phenols...

.... 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed ( [email protected] ). 29 1 1999 13 4 1999 7 5 1999 The Biochemical Society, London © 1999 1999 cytosol endoplasmic reticulum lipid synthesis lipolysis secretion Biochem. J. (1999) 341, 453 460 (Printed in Great...