...-microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) puncta and lysosomal colocalization with mitochondria. In addition, the suppression of mitophagy by autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) siRNA can effectively inhibit Cr(VI)-induced mitochondrial loss and cytotoxicity. In summary, we reached the conclusion that Cr...

...-type’ RNase superfamily. Interestingly, ONC is the only monomeric ribonuclease endowed with a high cytotoxic activity. In contrast with other monomeric RNases, ONC displays a high cytotoxic activity. In this work, we found that ONC spontaneously forms dimeric traces and that the dimer amount increases...

... bispidine cytotoxicity oligomer prion protein misfolding Self-assembly of biological macromolecules into ordered structures regulates several biological processes and is a critical determinant of normal or diseased states [ 1 ]. Amyloid aggregation is a self-assembly process that has been found...

... for cataractogenesis induced by the X253R mutation, while the cytotoxic effect of X253R aggregates might contribute to the defects in ocular development. Our results also highlight that, at least in some cases, the aggregatory propensity in dilute solutions could not fully mimic the behaviours of mutated proteins...

... pathology of experimental S. aureus infections in mice. Moreover, ADAM10 was proposed to be a receptor for α-toxin. However, it is unclear whether the catalytic activity or specific domains of ADAM10 are involved in mediating binding and/or subsequent cytotoxicity of α-toxin. Also, it is not known how α...

..., and a leading mechanism of cytotoxicity is the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species). Both selenite and GS-Se-SG were reduced by Grx1 and Grx2 in a non-stoichiometric manner due to redox cycling with oxygen, which in turn generated ROS. The role of Grx in selenium toxicity was therefore explored. Cells...

... The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Biochemical Society 2007 cell-penetrating peptide cytotoxicity delivery vector penetratin transactivator of transcription (Tat) transport The ability to cross the lipid bilayer of cells and access the cell interior is still one of the major obstacles...

... The Biochemical Society, London 2006 cardiotoxins cytotoxicity α-neurotoxins nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) Ophiophagus hannah (king cobra) phylogenetic tree Three-finger toxins in snake venoms consist of a multitude of pharmacologically active peptides having a very similar three...

...Alexei V. Feofanov; George V. Sharonov; Maria V. Astapova; Dmitriy I. Rodionov; Yuriy N. Utkin; Alexander S. Arseniev Cytotoxins from cobra venom are known to manifest cytotoxicity in various cell types. It is widely accepted that the plasma membrane is a target of cytotoxins, but the mechanism...

... The Biochemical Society, London 2004 ATP-binding-cassette protein (ABC) protein cytotoxicity glutathione multidrug-resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) transport unconjugated bilirubin MRP1 (multidrug-resistance-associated protein 1) is the first identified member of the multidrug-resistance...

... and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We have observed recently that mice overexpressing active FRK (fyn-related kinase)/RAK (previously named GTK/Bsk/IYK, where GTK stands for gut tyrosine kinase, Bsk for β-cell Src-homology kinase and IYK for intestinal tyrosine kinase) in β-cells exhibit increased...

... necrotic response. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 1 8 2003 19 11 2003 20 11 2003 20 11 2003 The Biochemical Society, London ©2004 2004 ascorbic acid cytotoxicity mitochondrial permeability transition peroxynitrite (ONOO...

... moiety is coincident with increased compound-induced cytotoxicity. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the mechanism of this cytotoxicity in detail. Despite N -butyl-deoxynojirimycin and N -butyl-deoxygalactonojirimycin inhibiting the glycosylation of ceramide to glucosylceramide, ceramide...

... peroxynitrite (ONOO The inadvertent production of ONOO and other reactive species in biological media, or the associated loss of NO, may contribute to the adverse effects, or otherwise, of NO in Šitro. Key words: cytotoxicity, Hepes, peroxynitrite, riboflavin, soluble guanylate cyclase. should be able...

... residues 632—655 either inhibited Ib binding to cells and/or oligomerization, unlike a non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody that binds within Ib residues 28—66. The Ib protoxin (molecular mass98kDa), which does not facilitate iota cytotoxicity but binds to Vero cells, did not oligomerize or form ion...

..., London ©2002 2002 bacterial toxin cytotoxicity cystic fibrosis GTP-binding protein Pseudomonas aeruginosa Abbreviations used: ARF, ADP-ribosylation factor; BD, binding domain; ExoS, exoenzyme S; ExoT, exoenzyme T; FCS, fetal calf serum; GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GDS, GDP/GTP...

... 2002 The Biochemical Society, London ©2002 2002 adaptive response cytotoxicity signalling UV rays Abbreviations used: UVR, UV radiation; MAP, mitogen-activated protein; MAPKAPK, MAP kinase-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase; JNK, stress...

... RAW 264.7 monocytes/macrophages could be cytotoxic, since survivors of stable transfections had enzymic activity no higher than untransfected cells [Du and Low (2001) Infect. Immun. 69 , 3214–3223]. We investigated this phenomenon by transfecting bovine GPI-PLD cDNA stably into Chinese hamster ovary...

...Isobel K. FRANKLIN; Robert A. WINZ; Michael J. HUBBARD Dental enamel-forming cells face a major challenge to avoid the cytotoxic effects of excess calcium. We have characterized sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase pumps (SERCA) in rat enamel cells to address the proposal that non...

... epithelial cell line HT29-Cl.16E was sensitive to the deleterious effects of the NO donor PAPANONOate [3-(2-hydroxy-2-nitroso-1-propylhydrazino)-1-propanamine] only in galactose-containing medium. In such medium NO attack led to cytotoxic and apoptotic cell death, associated with formation of derivatives...

... functional assays for the cytotoxic domain of Aβ and suggest a mechanism for some of the observed actions of Aβ plus catalase in vitro . 1 e-mail [email protected] 1 9 1999 24 9 1999 1 10 1999 The Biochemical Society, London © 1999 1999 Alzheimers antibodies...

... effect of PUFA. In hepatocytes, the inhibition of the lipogenic rate by PUFA is not specific, but is linked to a cytotoxic effect due to peroxidative mechanisms. We have investigated whether peroxidation could also explain the inhibitory effect of PUFA on gene expression. Rat hepatocytes were cultured...