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Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate

Xiaowen Duan, Dougall M. Norris, Sean J. Humphrey, Pengyi Yang, Kristen C. Cooke, Will P. Bultitude, Benjamin L. Parker, Olivia J. Conway, James G. Burchfield, James R. Krycer, Frances M. Brodsky, David E. James, Daniel J. Fazakerley

Biochem J (2022) 479 (11): 1237–1256.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20220153

Published: 13 June 2022

... the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . adipocytes glucose transport glycogen synthase kinase insulin signalling trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 Insulin maintains whole-body glucose homeostasis by regulating glucose transport into muscle and adipose tissue and by inhibiting...

View article titled, Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

GLUT4 On the move

Daniel J. Fazakerley, Francoise Koumanov, Geoffrey D. Holman

Biochem J (2022) 479 (3): 445–462.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20210073

Published: 11 February 2022

...Daniel J. Fazakerley; Francoise Koumanov; Geoffrey D. Holman Insulin rapidly stimulates GLUT4 translocation and glucose transport in fat and muscle cells. Signals from the occupied insulin receptor are translated into downstream signalling changes in serine/threonine kinases within timescales...

View article titled, GLUT4 On the move

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

AMPK activation by SC4 inhibits noradrenaline-induced lipolysis and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in white adipose tissue

Sheng-Ju Chuang, Manuel Johanns, Sébastien Pyr dit Ruys, Gregory R. Steinberg, Bruce E. Kemp, Benoît Viollet, Mark H. Rider

Biochem J (2021) 478 (21): 3869–3889.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20210411

Published: 09 November 2021

... The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2021 ACC AMPK de novo lipogenesis glucose transport GPAT TBC1D4 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly conserved energy sensing eukaryotic protein kinase [ 1 ]. Once activated, AMPK switches...

View article titled, AMPK activation by SC4 inhibits noradrenaline-induced lipolysis and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in white adipose tissue

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

A new degree of complexi(n)ty in the regulation of GLUT4 trafficking

Luc Bertrand, Marine De Loof, Christophe Beauloye, Sandrine Horman, Laurent Bultot

Biochem J (2021) 478 (7): 1315–1319.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20210008

Published: 06 April 2021

... (2): 407–422) of complexin-2 as an important contributor to glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to muscle cell plasma membrane upon insulin stimulation is essential. The present commentary discusses the biological importance of the findings and proposes future challenges and opportunities...

View article titled, A new degree of complexi(n)ty in the regulation of GLUT4 trafficking

Articles

Glut1 expression is increased by p53 reduction to switch metabolism to glycolysis during osteoblast differentiation

Tomokazu Ohnishi, Joji Kusuyama, Kenjiro Bandow, Tetsuya Matsuguchi

Biochem J (2020) 477 (10): 1795–1811.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20190888

Published: 21 May 2020

... glucose transport glycolysis osteoblasts p53 Oxidative phosphorylation has higher efficiency of ATP production than glycolysis and is the main source of ATP in mammalian cells under aerobic conditions. In cancer cells, however, most glucose is metabolized to lactate even in the existence...

View article titled, Glut1 expression is increased by p53 reduction to switch metabolism to glycolysis during osteoblast differentiation

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Coxiella burnetii utilizes both glutamate and glucose during infection with glucose uptake mediated by multiple transporters

Miku Kuba, Nitika Neha, David P. De Souza, Saravanan Dayalan, Joshua P. M. Newson, Dedreia Tull, Malcolm J. McConville, Fiona M. Sansom, Hayley J. Newton

Biochem J (2019) 476 (19): 2851–2867.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20190504

Published: 11 October 2019

... availabilities within their propagated environments. Disruption of the C. burnetii glucose transporter, CBU0265, by transposon mutagenesis led to a significant decrease in [ 13 C]glucose utilization but did not abolish glucose usage, suggesting that C. burnetii express additional hexose transporters which may...

View article titled, Coxiella burnetii utilizes both glutamate and glucose during infection with glucose uptake mediated by multiple transporters

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Isoform-specific AMPK association with TBC1D1 is reduced by a mutation associated with severe obesity

In Collection

Editors' pick of research highlights published in the Biochemical Journal in 2018 & 2019

Elaine C. Thomas, Sharon C. Hook, Alexander Gray, Alexandra Chadt, David Carling, Hadi Al-Hasani, Kate J. Heesom, D. Grahame Hardie, Jeremy M. Tavaré

Biochem J (2018) 475 (18): 2969–2983.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20180475

Published: 25 September 2018

... This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . AMPK glucose transport obesity protein–protein interactions Rab-GAP signalling AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK...

View article titled, Isoform-specific AMPK association with TBC1D1 is reduced by a mutation associated with severe obesity

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Inhibition of FOXO1 transcription factor in primary human adipocytes mimics the insulin-resistant state of type 2 diabetes

In Collection

Editors' pick of research highlights published in the Biochemical Journal in 2018 & 2019

Meenu R. Rajan, Elin Nyman, Cecilia Brännmark, Charlotta S. Olofsson, Peter Strålfors

Biochem J (2018) 475 (10): 1807–1820.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20180144

Published: 31 May 2018

... in adipocytes from patients with diabetes. To elucidate the effect of reduced FOXO1 activity, we here transduced human adipocytes with a dominant-negative construct of FOXO1 (DN-FOXO1). Inhibition of FOXO1 reduced the abundance of insulin receptor, glucose transporter-4, ribosomal protein S6, mTOR and raptor...

View article titled, Inhibition of FOXO1 transcription factor in primary human adipocytes mimics the insulin-resistant state of type 2 diabetes

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

FGT-1 is the major glucose transporter in C. elegans and is central to aging pathways

Ying Feng, Barnabas G. Williams, Françoise Koumanov, Adrian J. Wolstenholme, Geoffrey D. Holman

Biochem J (2013) 456 (2): 219–229.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20131101

Published: 08 November 2013

...-like peptides and AGE-1 [ageing alteration 1; orthologue of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)], but the identity of the glucose transporters that may link these processes is unknown. We unexpectedly find that of the eight putative GLUT (glucose transporter)-like genes only the two splice variants of one...

View article titled, FGT-1 is the major glucose transporter in C. elegans and is central to aging pathways

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

AS160 deficiency causes whole-body insulin resistance via composite effects in multiple tissues

Hong Yu Wang, Serge Ducommun, Chao Quan, Bingxian Xie, Min Li, David H. Wasserman, Kei Sakamoto, Carol Mackintosh, Shuai Chen

Biochem J (2013) 449 (2): 479–489.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20120702

Published: 14 December 2012

...Hong Yu Wang; Serge Ducommun; Chao Quan; Bingxian Xie; Min Li; David H. Wasserman; Kei Sakamoto; Carol Mackintosh; Shuai Chen AS160 (Akt substrate of 160 kDa) is a Rab GTPase-activating protein implicated in insulin control of GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) trafficking. In humans, a truncation...

View article titled, AS160 deficiency causes whole-body insulin resistance via composite effects in multiple tissues

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Regulation and cellular functions of class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases

Marco Falasca, Tania Maffucci

Biochem J (2012) 443 (3): 587–601.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20120008

Published: 16 April 2012

... 2012 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). cell migration glucose transport insulin secretion phosphoinositide phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) Phosphoinositides are phospholipids comprising two fatty acid chains linked by a glycerol...

View article titled, Regulation and cellular functions of class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases

Articles

Counter-modulation of fatty acid-induced pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB signalling in rat skeletal muscle cells by AMP-activated protein kinase

Charlotte J. Green, Katherine Macrae, Sarah Fogarty, D. Grahame Hardie, Kei Sakamoto, Harinder S. Hundal

Biochem J (2011) 435 (2): 463–474.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20101517

Published: 29 March 2011

... expression} and that this was associated with enhanced phosphorylation/activation of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) as well as impaired insulin-dependent activation of PKB (protein kinase B)/Akt and glucose transport...

View article titled, Counter-modulation of fatty acid-induced pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB signalling in rat skeletal muscle cells by AMP-activated protein kinase

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Contraction regulates site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in skeletal muscle

Kanokwan Vichaiwong, Suneet Purohit, Ding An, Taro Toyoda, Niels Jessen, Michael F. Hirshman, Laurie J. Goodyear

Biochem J (2010) 431 (2): 311–320.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20101100

Published: 28 September 2010

... unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Akt AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) contraction glucose transport skeletal muscle TBC1D1 Data are presented as means±S.E.M. Statistical analyses were performed...

View article titled, Contraction regulates site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in skeletal muscle

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Differential effects of palmitate and palmitoleate on insulin action and glucose utilization in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells

Nikolaos Dimopoulos, Maria Watson, Kei Sakamoto, Harinder S. Hundal

Biochem J (2006) 399 (3): 473–481.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20060244

Published: 13 October 2006

.... In the present study, we compare the effects of palmitoleate (a MUFA) and palmitate (a SFA) on insulin action and glucose utilization in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. Basal glucose uptake was enhanced approx. 2-fold following treatment of cells with palmitoleate. The MUFA-induced increase in glucose transport...

View article titled, Differential effects of palmitate and palmitoleate on insulin action and glucose utilization in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells

Articles

Differential signalling for enhanced hexose uptake by interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 in male germ cells

M. Cecilia RAUCH, Mónica BRITO, Angara ZAMBRANO, Mónica ESPINOZA, Marisol PÉREZ, Alejandro YAÑEZ, Coralia I. RIVAS, Juan Carlos SLEBE, Juan Carlos VERA, Ilona I. CONCHA

Biochem J (2004) 381 (2): 495–501.

https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20031615

Published: 06 July 2004

... of these cytokines on glucose transport in bovine spermatozoa. Our data indicated that human and bovine germ cells express receptors for IL-3 and IL-5, and that IL-3, but not IL-5, signalled for increased glucose uptake in bovine spermatozoa and in human myeloid cells. Human semen was collected in sterile...

View article titled, Differential signalling for enhanced hexose uptake by interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 in male germ cells

Articles

Insulin stimulates movement of sorting nexin 9 between cellular compartments: a putative role mediating cell surface receptor expression and insulin action

S. Lance MACAULAY, Violet STOICHEVSKA, Julian GRUSOVIN, Keith H. GOUGH, Laura A. CASTELLI, Colin W. WARD

Biochem J (2003) 376 (1): 123–134.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj20030130

Published: 15 November 2003

... ). 16 1 2003 24 7 2003 13 8 2003 13 8 2003 The Biochemical Society, London ©2003 2003 glucose transport GLUT4 insulin action insulin receptor SH3PX1 sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) Abbreviations used: DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; EGF, epidermal growth...

View article titled, Insulin stimulates movement of sorting nexin 9 between cellular compartments: a putative role mediating cell surface receptor expression and insulin action

Articles

A natural protective mechanism against hyperglycaemia in vascular endothelial and smooth-muscle cells: role of glucose and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

Evgenia ALPERT, Arie GRUZMAN, Hanan TOTARY, Nurit KAISER, Reuven REICH, Shlomo SASSON

Biochem J (2002) 362 (2): 413–422.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3620413

Published: 22 February 2002

...Evgenia ALPERT; Arie GRUZMAN; Hanan TOTARY; Nurit KAISER; Reuven REICH; Shlomo SASSON Bovine aortic endothelial and smooth-muscle cells down-regulate the rate of glucose transport in the face of hyperglycaemia, thus providing protection against deleterious effects of increased intracellular glucose...

View article titled, A natural protective mechanism against hyperglycaemia in vascular endothelial and smooth-muscle cells: role of glucose and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

Articles

Amine oxidase substrates mimic several of the insulin effects on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3 F442A cells

Emi FONTANA, Jérémie BOUCHER, Luc MARTI, José Miguel LIZCANO, Xavier TESTAR, Antonio ZORZANO, Christian CARPÉNÉ

Biochem J (2001) 356 (3): 769–777.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3560769

Published: 08 June 2001

..., such as stimulation of glucose transport. In the present work, we studied whether these substrates could also mimic long-term actions of insulin. Adipose differentiation of 3T3 F442A cells, which is highly insulin-dependent, served as a model to test the effects of sustained administration of amine oxidase substrates...

View article titled, Amine oxidase substrates mimic several of the insulin effects on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3 F442A cells

Articles

Expression of a prenylation-deficient Rab4 inhibits the GLUT4 translocation induced by active phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B

Mireille CORMONT, Nadine GAUTIER, Karine ILC, Yannick Le MARCHAND-BRUSTEL

Biochem J (2001) 356 (1): 143–149.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3560143

Published: 08 May 2001

... are consistent with a role of Rab4 ΔCT acting as a dominant negative protein towards Rab4, possibly by binding to Rab4 effectors. adipocyte glucose transport hyperosmolarity insulin signalling zinc Abbreviations used: Rab4 ΔCT, prenylation-deficient, cytosolic form of Rab4; PKB, protein kinase B...

View article titled, Expression of a prenylation-deficient Rab4 inhibits the GLUT4 translocation induced by active phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B

Articles

GLUT4 vesicle trafficking in rat adipocytes after ethanol feeding: regulation by heterotrimeric G-proteins

Laurie A. POIRIER, Nadia RACHDAOUI, Laura E. NAGY

Biochem J (2001) 354 (2): 323–330.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3540323

Published: 22 February 2001

... exocytosis glucose transport insulin 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 28 6 2000 6 11 2000 12 12 2000 The Biochemical Society, London © 2001 2001 Biochem. J. (2001) 354, 323 330 (Printed in Great Britain) 323 GLUT4 vesicle...

View article titled, GLUT4 vesicle trafficking in rat adipocytes after ethanol feeding: regulation by heterotrimeric G-proteins

Articles

Role for the microtubule cytoskeleton in GLUT4 vesicle trafficking and in the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake

Laura M. FLETCHER, Gavin I. WELSH, Paru B. OATEY, Jeremy M. TAVARÉ

Biochem J (2000) 352 (2): 267–276.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3520267

Published: 24 November 2000

...Laura M. FLETCHER; Gavin I. WELSH; Paru B. OATEY; Jeremy M. TAVARÉ Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into adipocytes by promoting the translocation of the glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) from intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes GLUT4 resides both...

View article titled, Role for the microtubule cytoskeleton in GLUT4 vesicle trafficking and in the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase co-operate with vanadate to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin-receptor-substrate proteins, phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and GLUT4 translocation in adipose cells

Gemma ENRIQUE-TARANCÓN, Isabelle CASTAN, Nathalie MORIN, Luc MARTI, Anna ABELLA, Marta CAMPS, Roser CASAMITJANA, Manuel PALACÍN, Xavier TESTAR, Eva DEGERMAN, Christian CARPÉNÉ, Antonio ZORZANO

Biochem J (2000) 350 (1): 171–180.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3500171

Published: 09 August 2000

... markedly stimulates glucose transport in rat adipocytes by a mechanism that requires semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity and H 2 O 2 formation. Here we have further analysed the insulin-like effects of the combination of SSAO substrates and vanadate and we have studied the signal...

View article titled, Substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase co-operate with vanadate to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin-receptor-substrate proteins, phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and GLUT4 translocation in adipose cells

Articles

Chronic insulin effects on insulin signalling and GLUT4 endocytosis are reversed by metformin

Paul R. PRYOR, Simon C. H. LIU, Avril E. CLARK, Jing YANG, Geoffrey D. HOLMAN, David TOSH

Biochem J (2000) 348 (1): 83–91.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3480083

Published: 09 May 2000

...Paul R. PRYOR; Simon C. H. LIU; Avril E. CLARK; Jing YANG; Geoffrey D. HOLMAN; David TOSH Decreases in insulin-responsive glucose transport and associated levels of cell surface GLUT4 occur in rat adipocytes maintained in culture for 20 h under hyperinsulinaemic and hyperglycaemic conditions. We...

View article titled, Chronic insulin effects on insulin signalling and GLUT4 endocytosis are reversed by metformin

Articles

Confocal imaging of the subcellular distribution of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in insulin- and PDGF-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Paru B. OATEY, Kanamarlapudi VENKATESWARLU, Alan G. WILLIAMS, Laura M. FLETCHER, Emily J. FOULSTONE, Peter J. CULLEN, Jeremy M. TAVARÉ

Biochem J (1999) 344 (2): 511–518.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3440511

Published: 24 November 1999

... than PDGF. ARNO and GRP1 are nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTP-binding protein ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6). The inability of a constitutively active GTPase-deficient mutant of ARF6 (ARF6-Q67L; Gln 67 → Leu) to cause glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation suggests that activation...

View article titled, Confocal imaging of the subcellular distribution of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in insulin- and PDGF-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Includes: Supplementary data

Articles

Trafficking of Glut4–Green Fluorescent Protein chimaeras in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggests distinct internalization mechanisms regulating cell surface Glut4 levels

Kate A. POWELL, Lachlan C. CAMPBELL, Jeremy M. TAVARÉ, David P. LEADER, Jill A. WAKEFIELD, Gwyn W. GOULD

Biochem J (1999) 344 (2): 535–543.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3440535

Published: 24 November 1999

...Kate A. POWELL; Lachlan C. CAMPBELL; Jeremy M. TAVARÉ; David P. LEADER; Jill A. WAKEFIELD; Gwyn W. GOULD Insulin stimulates glucose transport in adipose and muscle tissue by stimulating the movement (‘translocation’) of an intracellular pool of glucose transporters (the Glut4 isoform) to the plasma...

View article titled, Trafficking of Glut4–Green Fluorescent Protein chimaeras in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggests distinct internalization mechanisms regulating cell surface Glut4 levels

Articles

Inhibition of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of the intracellular domain of phospholemman decreases insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation in streptolysin-O-permeabilized adipocytes

Otto WALAAS, Robert S. HORN, S. Ivar WALAAS

Biochem J (1999) 343 (1): 151–157.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3430151

Published: 24 September 1999

...Otto WALAAS; Robert S. HORN; S. Ivar WALAAS A variety of studies indicate that protein kinase C might be involved in the insulin signalling cascade leading to translocation of the insulin-regulated glucose transporter GLUT4 from intracellular pools to the plasma membrane. Phospholemman is a plasma...

View article titled, Inhibition of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of the intracellular domain of phospholemman decreases insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation in streptolysin-O-permeabilized adipocytes

Articles

Tumour necrosis factor-α regulates expression of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) α and β and determines the occupation of the C/EBP site in the promoter of the insulin-responsive glucose-transporter gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Renu JAIN, Shailaja POLICE, Kelle PHELPS, Phillip H. PEKALA

Biochem J (1999) 338 (3): 737–743.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3380737

Published: 08 March 1999

... the occupation of the C/EBP site in the promoter of the insulin-responsive glucose-transporter gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Renu JAIN, Shailaja POLICE, Kelle PHELPS and Phillip H. PEKALA1 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, U.S.A. We have demonstrated...

View article titled, Tumour necrosis factor-α regulates expression of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) α and β and determines the occupation of the C/EBP site in the promoter of the insulin-responsive glucose-transporter gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Articles

Effects of transiently expressed atypical (ζ, λ), conventional (α, β) and novel (δ, ɛ) protein kinase C isoforms on insulin-stimulated translocation of epitope-tagged GLUT4 glucose transporters in rat adipocytes: specific interchangeable effects of protein kinases C-ζ and C-λ

Gautam BANDYOPADHYAY, Mary L. STANDAERT, Ushio KIKKAWA, Yoshitaka ONO, Jorge MOSCAT, Robert V. FARESE

Biochem J (1999) 337 (3): 461–470.

https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3370461

Published: 25 January 1999

... transport. Here, we have examined the effects of transiently expressed wild-type (WT), constitutively active (Constit) and kinase-inactive (KI) forms of atypical PKCs, ζ and λ, on haemagglutinin antigen (HAA)-tagged glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in rat adipocytes, and compared these effects...

View article titled, Effects of transiently expressed atypical (ζ, λ), conventional (α, β) and novel (δ, ɛ) protein kinase C isoforms on insulin-stimulated translocation of epitope-tagged GLUT4 glucose transporters in rat adipocytes: specific interchangeable effects of protein kinases C-ζ and C-λ

NARROW

Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate

GLUT4 On the move

AMPK activation by SC4 inhibits noradrenaline-induced lipolysis and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in white adipose tissue

A new degree of complexi(n)ty in the regulation of GLUT4 trafficking

Glut1 expression is increased by p53 reduction to switch metabolism to glycolysis during osteoblast differentiation

Coxiella burnetii utilizes both glutamate and glucose during infection with glucose uptake mediated by multiple transporters

Isoform-specific AMPK association with TBC1D1 is reduced by a mutation associated with severe obesity

Inhibition of FOXO1 transcription factor in primary human adipocytes mimics the insulin-resistant state of type 2 diabetes

FGT-1 is the major glucose transporter in C. elegans and is central to aging pathways

AS160 deficiency causes whole-body insulin resistance via composite effects in multiple tissues

Regulation and cellular functions of class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases

Counter-modulation of fatty acid-induced pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB signalling in rat skeletal muscle cells by AMP-activated protein kinase

Contraction regulates site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in skeletal muscle

Differential effects of palmitate and palmitoleate on insulin action and glucose utilization in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells

Differential signalling for enhanced hexose uptake by interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 in male germ cells

Insulin stimulates movement of sorting nexin 9 between cellular compartments: a putative role mediating cell surface receptor expression and insulin action

A natural protective mechanism against hyperglycaemia in vascular endothelial and smooth-muscle cells: role of glucose and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

Amine oxidase substrates mimic several of the insulin effects on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3 F442A cells

Expression of a prenylation-deficient Rab4 inhibits the GLUT4 translocation induced by active phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B

GLUT4 vesicle trafficking in rat adipocytes after ethanol feeding: regulation by heterotrimeric G-proteins

Role for the microtubule cytoskeleton in GLUT4 vesicle trafficking and in the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake

Substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase co-operate with vanadate to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin-receptor-substrate proteins, phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and GLUT4 translocation in adipose cells

Chronic insulin effects on insulin signalling and GLUT4 endocytosis are reversed by metformin

Confocal imaging of the subcellular distribution of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in insulin- and PDGF-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Trafficking of Glut4–Green Fluorescent Protein chimaeras in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggests distinct internalization mechanisms regulating cell surface Glut4 levels

Inhibition of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of the intracellular domain of phospholemman decreases insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation in streptolysin-O-permeabilized adipocytes

Tumour necrosis factor-α regulates expression of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) α and β and determines the occupation of the C/EBP site in the promoter of the insulin-responsive glucose-transporter gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Effects of transiently expressed atypical (ζ, λ), conventional (α, β) and novel (δ, ɛ) protein kinase C isoforms on insulin-stimulated translocation of epitope-tagged GLUT4 glucose transporters in rat adipocytes: specific interchangeable effects of protein kinases C-ζ and C-λ

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