... of glutamate decarboxylase, initiating the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt and triggering the formation of alanine, processes which play a role, in particular, in pH regulation. Ca 2+ activates the transcription of several genes, e.g. of plant hemoglobin (phytoglobin, Pgb) which scavenges nitric oxide and regulates...

... of TOM20/TOM70 proteins. Although glutathione antioxidant levels were reduced in HEY treated with iron, extracellular glutamate levels were unaltered. Strikingly, oxalomalate (inhibitor of aconitase, involved in glutamate production) reversed iron-induced responses in a similar manner to Ru360...

... that heterologous expression of human and rat SLC22A13 in HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells stimulates efflux of guanidinosuccinate, aspartate, glutamate and taurine. Time courses of uptake of [ 3 H]aspartate and [ 3 H]glutamate revealed that SLC22A13 counteracted endogenous uptake. By contrast, OAT2 (organic...

... organelles, that are functionally coupled to the ER (endoplasmic reticulum). Although NAADP-sensitive Ca 2+ stores have been described in neurons, the physiological cues that recruit them are not known. Here we show that in both hippocampal neurons and glia, extracellular application of glutamate...

...David BAGLIETTO-VARGAS; Juan F. LÓPEZ-TÉLLEZ; Inés MORENO-GONZÁLEZ; Antonia GUTIÉRREZ; J. Carlos ALEDO Despite the importance of glutamatergic signalling in the co-ordination of hormone secretion, the identity of the enzyme for the production of glutamate in β-cells is still unresolved. We have...

...Michela CAPANO; Sukaina VIRJI; Martin CROMPTON Glutamate and the NO donor, nitroprusside, synergistically induced the death of B50 cells from a rat CNS-derived neuroblastoma cell line. With low [nitroprusside] (10 μ M) both nitroprusside and glutamate were required. Under these conditions, nuclei...

... glutamate, indirectly inducing the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), glycolipid concentration within domains increases in cell bodies. Comparable effects were exerted by the addition of PMA, directly inducing the activation of PKC. On the contrary, the phorbol ester was not effective in the presence...