... or combined stimulations are complex and less understood. Growth factor receptors on the cell surface of hepatocytes were shown to be regulated by receptor interactions, receptor trafficking and feedback regulation. Here, we exemplify how mechanistic mathematical modelling based on quantitative data can...

... (SphK2)), we studied mice wherein several tissues were made deficient in either SphK2 or S1P degrading enzymes. Our data reveal a mechanism whereby S1P is de-phosphorylated at the hepatocyte surface and the resulting sphingosine is sequestered by SphK phosphorylation and in turn degraded by intracellular...

... apolipoprotein M hepatocytes PPARγ sphingosine 1-phosphate HepG2 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA). The cells were then cultured in DMEM (D5796; Sigma–Aldrich Co.) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (554-02655; BioSera, Inc., Orange, CA) and 1...

... of the hepatocyte ecto- and mitochondrial ATP synthase were analysed on freshly isolated hepatocytes and mitochondria from control, sham-operated and partial hepatectomized rats. During the priming phase of liver regeneration, 3 h after partial hepatectomy, liver mitochondria showed a marked lowering of the ATP...

...Claire H. Wilson; Eunüs S. Ali; Nathan Scrimgeour; Alyce M. Martin; Jin Hua; George A. Tallis; Grigori Y. Rychkov; Greg J. Barritt Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes can lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and Type 2 diabetes...

...Walter HUTH; Stefan ROLLE; Ilona WUNDERLICH In cultured hepatocytes the turnover of several mitochondrial matrix proteins (e.g. acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase) appears to be initiated by CoA-mediated, sequential transformation into CoA-modified forms. This modification favours the notion...

...+ -induced Ca 2+ release (CICR), which allows amplification and regenerative propagation of intracellular Ca 2+ signals. In permeabilized hepatocytes, increasing [Ca 2+ ] c to 10 μ M stimulated release of 30±1% of the intracellular stores within 60s; the EC 50 occurred with a free [Ca 2+ ] of 170±29nM...

...Emmanuel COMPE; Georges de SOUSA; Kamel FRANCÇOIS; Régis ROCHE; Roger RAHMANI; Janine TORRESANI; Michel RAYMONDJEAN; Richard PLANELLS In hepatocytes, the amount of the Spot 14 (S14) protein is closely related to the full expression of enzymes involved in the glycolytic and lipogenic pathways...

.... Compared with normal hepatocytes, in rat hepatoma cells the following changes in the expression of ALDH occur: cytosolic class 3 ALDH expression appears and mitochondrial class 2 ALDH decreases. In parallel with these changes, a decrease in the polyunsaturated fatty acid content in membrane phospholipids...

... in the sensitivity of protein synthesis to energy limitation between hepatocytes from an anoxia-tolerant fish species and an anoxia-sensitive fish species (goldfish and rainbow trout respectively). On the other hand, Na + /K + -ATPase activity was hardly affected by energy limitation in the hepatocytes from both...

... in response to the barbiturate phenobarbital and the plant product picrotoxin. The xenobiotic-mediated increase in transactivation occurs in transfected primary hepatocytes and in liver transfected by biolistic-particle-mediated DNA transfer, but not in the transformed cell lines HepG2, CV-1 and HeLa, which...

... DW and ATP synthesis, whereas energy wastage is very limited. Key words: 2,4-dinitrophenol, hepatocytes, octanoate, proline, respiration. coupling could also represent a mechanism for the regulation of mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species [15 17]. Moreover it is clear...

...–Kakizaki diabetic rat (GK rat) to elucidate the mechanism of decreasing plasma and hepatic AA levels in diabetes. AA concentrations in the plasma and liver were significantly lower in GK than in control rats. AA levels in primary cultured hepatocytes derived from GK rats were lower than those derived from...

... conjugate tauroursodesoxycholate (TUDC), which is present in the enterohepatic circulation, were correlated with the activation of important elements of intracellular signal transduction in cultured rat hepatocytes and perfused rat liver. TUDC induced a time- and concentration-dependent activation...

...Mark FLEISCHMANN; Patrick B. IYNEDJIAN Insulin stimulates the transcription of the sterol regulatory- element binding protein ( SREBP ) 1/ ADD1 gene in liver. Hepatocytes in primary culture were used to delineate the insulin signalling pathway for induction of SREBP1 gene expression. The inhibitors...

... the binding of lactoferrin and asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR) to isolated rat hepatocytes and to purified ASGP receptors as a function of pH, Ca 2+ and receptor acylation. Binding of 125 I-lactoferrin and 125 I-ASOR to isolated rat hepatocytes at 4 °C decreased sharply at pH < 6, following similar titration...

...Loranne AGIUS; Mark STUBBS Glucokinase translocates between the cytoplasm and nucleus of hepatocytes where it is bound to a 68 kDa protein. The mechanism by which glucose induces translocation of glucokinase from the nucleus was investigated using glucose analogues that are not phosphorylated...

...Maria T. RUNNEGAR; Xinhua WEI; Sarah F. HAMM-ALVAREZ Inhibition of serine/threonine protein phosphatases in rat hepatocytes by okadaic acid and microcystin increased the phosphorylation of several components of the cytoplasmic dynein complex. UV light/vanadate cleavage and Western blot analysis...

... reciprocally regulate glycerolipid synthesis, we studied liver and skeletal-muscle lipid metabolism in the presence of 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide (AICA) riboside, a cell-permeable compound whose phosphorylated metabolite activates AMPK. Adding AICA riboside to cultured rat hepatocytes for 3 h decreased...

... MDCKII INTRODUCTION The liver plays a major role in the detoxification of a broad range of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds, a process in which bile formation is essential. Detoxification takes place in the hepatocyte and encompasses uptake across the basolateral mem- brane, intracellular metabolism...