... entered the cells to exert its antagonist activity. The internalization of CGA-N12 was energy-dependent and accompanied by actin cytoskeleton-, clathrin-, sulfate proteoglycan-, endosome-, and lipid-depleting agent-mediated endocytosis. Moreover, the CGA-N12 internalization pathway was related...

... microscopy, CGA-N9 accumulated in cells without destroying the integrity of the cell membrane; the peptide was initially localized to the cell membrane and subsequently internalized into the cytosol. An investigation of the cellular internalization mechanism revealed that most CGA-N9 molecules entered...

... antimicrobial peptide internalization MAPK NF-κB Inflammatory responses induced by bacteria, during the course of bacterial infections, are beneficial to combating pathogenesis; however, uncontrolled responses can lead to shock, multiple organ dysfunction, and even death. In these infections...

... G proteins suppression, suramin inhibits Wnt ligand internalization, which renders the drug active against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). drug repositioning internalization nucleotide analogue triple-negative breast cancer Wnt pathway Suramin is a rather large ( M r =1297...

... 2011 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society 2011 angiogenesis internalization neuropilin signal transduction vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) VEGF denotes a family of five related mammalian...

... of events has been proposed. Two essential factors of HCV entry are the tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin. Cell polarity therefore seems to be a key for HCV entry. This raises several exciting questions on the HCV internalization pathway. Clathrin-dependent endocytosis is probably the route...

... into an IFNα/β differential JAK/STAT signalling nor does it change the dynamics of the engaged receptor. Importantly, however, our data highlight a differential effect upon routing of IFNAR2. Following binding of IFNα2, IFNAR2 is internalized, but, instead of being routed towards degradation as it is when...

... can have clinical applications both as antibiotics and as precursors of drug transporters. antimicrobial peptide cell-penetrating peptide drug delivery internalization translocation mechanism The hydrophobic nature of cellular membranes makes them impermeable for most peptides...

... (Janus kinase 1) respectively. Ligand-induced down-regulation of the type I IFNR is a major mechanism of negative regulation of cellular signalling and involves the internalization and lysosomal degradation of IFNAR1. IFNα promotes the phosphorylation of IFNAR1 on Ser 535 , followed by recruitment...

...Christophe D. PROULX; May SIMAAN; Emanuel ESCHER; Stéphane A. LAPORTE; Gaétan GUILLEMETTE; Richard LEDUC Most G-protein-coupled receptors that undergo agonist-dependent internalization require the presence of specific cytoplasmic-tail residues to initiate interactions with proteins of the endocytic...

... and internalization that depend on the presence of its C-terminal domain. Desensitization and internalization of GPCRs are often linked to agonist-induced β-arrestin complex formation, which is stabilized by phosphorylation. Subsequently β-arrestin uncouples the receptor from its G-protein and links...

...Mikiko ITO; Sachi IIDAWA; Michiyo IZUKA; Sakiko HAITO; Hiroko SEGAWA; Masashi KUWAHATA; Ichiro OHKIDO; Hiroshi OHNO; Ken-ichi MIYAMOTO Treatment with PTH (parathyroid hormone) or a high-P i diet causes internalization of the type IIa sodium-dependent phosphate (Na/P i IIa) co-transporter from...

... processing, tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP) binding and constitutive internalization. However, the fate of internalized MT1-MMP is not known. Acidification of intracellular vacuolar compartments is essential for membrane trafficking, protein sorting and degradation. This acidification is controlled...

... of the Lys 46 -Ser 47 bond with elimination of the GFD. Using recombinant forms of uPA, we show that a uPA variant lacking the GFD (r-uPA∆GFD) and unable to associate with uPAR is rapidly cleared from the cell surface. Binding and internalization of r-uPA∆GFD are markedly decreased in the presence of 39kDa...

[email protected] ). 18 8 2000 25 1 2001 16 2 2001 The Biochemical Society, London © 2001 2001 caveolae clathrin-coated pit G-protein-coupled receptor internalization peptide Biochem. J. (2001) 355, 741 750 (Printed in Great Britain) 741 Agonist-promoted trafficking of human...

... -based internalization signal, identified in the C-terminal tail of the channel. Mutation of the Tyr 1424 residue could partly inhibit the endocytosis of CFTR and its association with the adapter protein AP-2. To reveal additional endosomal targeting signals, site-directed mutagenesis of both a chimaera...

... internalization of these in response to [ 3 H]TRH was dependent upon the degree of truncation. Little effect was produced by deletion of the C-terminal to 50 amino acids, although there was a substantial decrease in the extent of internalization by deletion to 45-46 amino acids. The rate of internalization...

... internalization protein trafficking zinc uptake Biochem. J. (2000) 346, 329 336 (Printed in Great Britain) 329 Zinc-regulated ubiquitin conjugation signals endocytosis of the yeast ZRT1 zinc transporter Raad S. GITAN and David J. EIDE1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, 217 Gwynn Hall, University...