... of TJ in the colonic epithelium. Furthermore, corticosterone administration induced JNK and c-Src activation, TJ disruption and protein thiol oxidation in colonic mucosa. The present study demonstrates that oxidative stress is a common signal in the mechanism of TJ disruption in the intestinal...

...Geetha Samak; Kamaljit K. Chaudhry; Ruchika Gangwar; Damodaran Narayanan; Jonathan H. Jaggar; RadhaKrishna Rao Disruption of intestinal epithelial tight junctions is an important event in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induces colitis in mice with symptoms...

... acid transporter (ABST) bile acid HuR intestine mRNA decay RNA abundance RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and secreted into the small intestine where they facilitate absorption of long-chain fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins...

... processing)-like; ABCB9]. We reported previously that both HAF-4 and HAF-9 localize to the membrane of a subset of intestinal organelles, and are required for the formation of these organelles and other physiological aspects. In the present paper, we report the genetic and physical interactions between HAF-4...

... towards increased triacylglycerol secretion (intestine) or insulin resistance (adipose tissue, and cardiac and skeletal muscle). 1 email [email protected] 6 11 2012 3 1 2013 25 1 2013 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 de novo...

...Makoto Shimizu; Juan Li; Ryuto Maruyama; Jun Inoue; Ryuichiro Sato FGF19 (fibroblast growth factor 19), expressed in the small intestine, acts as an enterohepatic hormone by mediating inhibitory effects on the bile acid synthetic pathway and regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism...

... (which means treating diseases with the body's own cells). Potential targets for cellular therapy include diabetes and liver failure. However, in order for stem cells to be clinically useful, we must learn to identify them and to regulate their differentiation. We will use the intestine as a classical...

...-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase) genes, ACAT1 and ACAT2 . ACAT1 is ubiquitously expressed, whereas ACAT2 is primarily expressed in intestinal mucosa and plays an important role in intestinal cholesterol absorption. To investigate the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the tissue-specific expression of ACAT2...

...Florence GOUYON; Cercina ONESTO; Veronique DALET; Gilles PAGES; Armelle LETURQUE; Edith BROT-LAROCHE In intestinal cells, levels of the fructose transporter GLUT5 are increased by glucose and to a greater extent by fructose. We investigated the mechanism by which fructose increases GLUT5 expression...

...Yuanfang LIU; Wei SHEN; Patricia L. BRUBAKER; Klaus H. KAESTNER; Daniel J. DRUCKER Members of the Forkhead box a (Foxa) transcription factor family are expressed in the liver, pancreatic islets and intestine and both Foxa1 and Foxa2 regulate proglucagon gene transcription. As Foxa proteins exhibit...

... 2001 24 5 2001 22 6 2001 The Biochemical Society, London ©2001 2001 carbohydrate intestine Sd a /Cad antigen Abbreviations used: Gal, galactose; GalNAc, N -acetylgalactosamine; GalNAc-ol, N -acetylgalactosaminitol; GlcNAc, N -acetylglucosamine; HPAEC, high pH anion...

... to control trafficking. Since PKC is activated by endogenous hormones, GLUT2 levels in vivo are 3–4-fold those in vitro ; moreover, because PKC is inactivated as soon as intestine is excised, GLUT2 is lost from the brush-border within minutes in vitro . It is therefore difficult to detect GLUT2 in most...

...George L. KELLETT; Philip A. HELLIWELL We have investigated the mechanism responsible for the diffusive component of intestinal glucose absorption, the major route by which glucose is absorbed. In perfused rat jejunum in vivo , absorption was strongly inhibited by phloretin, an inhibitor of GLUT2...

...Philip A. HELLIWELL; Michael RICHARDSON; Julie AFFLECK; George L. KELLETT We have investigated the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) pathways in the regulation of intestinal fructose transport. Different combinations...

... conjugated bile acids intestine invasion metastasis sulphation Biochem. J. (2000) 349, 189 193 (Printed in Great Britain) 189 Lithocholic acid and sulphated lithocholic acid differ in the ability to promote matrix metalloproteinase secretion in the human colon cancer cell line CaCo-2 Bente HALVORSEN...

...Alain COUVINEAU; Jean-José MAORET; Christiane ROUYER-FESSARD; Isabel CARRERO; Marc LABURTHE The basic organization of the human vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide receptor (VPAC) 1 promoter was investigated after cloning the 5ʹ-flanking region (1.4 kb...

...J⊘rgen OLSEN; Olivier LEFEBVRE; Christine FRITSCH; Jesper T. TROELSEN; Veronique ORIAN-ROUSSEAU; Michèle KEDINGER; Patricia SIMON-ASSMANN Laminin-5 is a trimer of laminin α3, β3 and γ2 chains that is found in the intestinal basement membrane. Deposition of the laminin γ2 chain at the basement...

...Cathy MITCHELMORE; Jesper T. TROELSEN; Nikolaj SPODSBERG; Hans SJÖSTRÖM; Ove NORÉN Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase is a brush-border enzyme which is specifically expressed in the small intestine where it hydrolyses lactose, the main carbohydrate found in milk. We have previously demonstrated...

...Sandrine GRECO; Irene HUGUENY; Pascal GEORGE; Pascale PERRIN; Pierre LOUISOT; Marie-Claire BIOL Previous work has shown an inverse evolution of the rat intestinal glycoprotein sialylation that decreases from birth to weaning and of fucosylation that increases markedly after weaning during postnatal...

..., smoking, physical activity, and genetic background. A high fat intake has been shown to increase the risk for colon cancer in epidemiological studies [1]. The intestinal uptake of fat is, among other factors, dependent on bile acids. Primary and secondary bile acids have been suggested to con- tribute...

... and found that the channel is unique not only in its pore sequence but also in its dense localization in the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Northern blot analysis revealed that the channel message was abundantly expressed in the thyroid gland and small intestine, and moderately in the kidney...

...)-mRNA-editing complexes. BHMT mRNA was expressed predominantly in liver, and also in kidney, but not in small intestine. In stable McArdle RH-7777 (McA) cell lines expressing differing levels of BHMT, the editing efficiency of apo B mRNA was unchanged. Evaluation of apo B-mRNA expression revealed...

...Natalie F. BARLEY; S. Radhika PRATHALINGAM; Pang ZHI; Stephen LEGON; Alison HOWARD; Julian R. F. WALTERS Calbindin-D9k is expressed in the cytoplasm of intestinal cells, where it is critical for dietary calcium absorption. Two striking aspects of the expression of this gene are its vitamin-D...

... ) of fura 2-loaded enterocytes. The fast rise in [Ca i was specific because other sex steroid hormones were without effect and INTRODUCTION Parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D $ [1,25(OH) # D $ ] and calcitonin regulate extracellular Ca#+ homeostasis by the modulation of Ca#+ fluxes in intestine...