... and cellular assays. Our results indicate that AZD supplementation not only inhibits hIAPP aggregation but also disaggregates pre-existing hIAPP fibrils by forming amorphous aggregates that are non-toxic to pancreatic β-cells. Furthermore, AZD supplementation in pancreatic β-cells ( INS-1E ) resulted...

...Anke Hofmeister-Brix; Sigurd Lenzen; Simone Baltrusch The ubiquitin–proteasome system is important to maintain pancreatic β-cell function. Inhibition of the proteasome significantly reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion. Key regulators of the stimulus/secretion cascade seem to be affected...

... that B55α-containing PP2A is a key regulator of FOXO1 activity in vivo . B55α regulatory subunit diabetes forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) oxidative stress pancreatic β-cell protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at the present address Children's National...

... of oxidative stress in insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. In the present paper, we used the ratiometric fluorescent proteins HyPer and roGFP1 (redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein 1) targeted to mitochondria [mt-HyPer (mitochondrial HyPer)/mt-roGFP1 (mitochondrial roGFP1)] to monitor glucose-induced...

...Julien Véret; Nicolas Coant; Evgeny V. Berdyshev; Anastasia Skobeleva; Nicole Therville; Danielle Bailbé; Irina Gorshkova; Viswanathan Natarajan; Bernard Portha; Hervé Le Stunff Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis induced by palmitate requires high glucose concentrations. Ceramides have been suggested...

...Ebru Boslem; Gemma MacIntosh; Amanda M. Preston; Clarissa Bartley; Anna K. Busch; Maria Fuller; D. Ross Laybutt; Peter J. Meikle; Trevor J. Biden Saturated fatty acids promote lipotoxic ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress in pancreatic β-cells in association with Type 2 diabetes. To address...

...Kyota Aoyagi; Mica Ohara-Imaizumi; Chiyono Nishiwaki; Yoko Nakamichi; Shinya Nagamatsu Functional insulin receptor and its downstream effector PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) have been identified in pancreatic β-cells, but their involvement in the regulation of insulin secretion from β-cells...

...Diana Han; Byungho Yang; L. Karl Olson; Alexander Greenstein; Seung-Hoon Baek; Kate J. Claycombe; John L. Goudreau; Seong-Woon Yu; Eun-Kyoung Kim Chronic hyperglycaemia is detrimental to pancreatic β-cells by causing impaired insulin secretion and diminished β-cell function through glucotoxicity...

..., glibenclamide treatment did not decrease 1 h postprandial blood glucose levels ( Figure 1 C). exocytosis glinide insulin pancreatic β-cell sulfonylurea total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) Considering the prevalence in the number of Type 2 diabetes cases with a high risk...

...Charles Affourtit; Martin D. Brand Proton leak exerts stronger control over ATP/ADP in mitochondria from clonal pancreatic β-cells (INS-1E) than in those from rat skeletal muscle, due to the higher proton conductance of INS-1E mitochondria [Affourtit and Brand (2006) Biochem. J. 393 , 151–159...

... Society 2007 The pancreatic β-cell plays a central role in the regulation of glucose homoeostasis through the secretion of insulin in response to an elevated level of blood glucose. Rapid uptake of the glucose followed by glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are essential biochemical pathways...

...Bénédicte OXOMBRE; Mostafa KOUACH; Ericka MOERMAN; Pierre FORMSTECHER; Bernard LAINE HNF4α (hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α) belongs to a complex transcription factor network that is crucial for the function of hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In these cells, it activates the expression of a very...

...Mica OHARA-IMAIZUMI; Chiyono NISHIWAKI; Toshiteru KIKUTA; Shintaro NAGAI; Yoko NAKAMICHI; Shinya NAGAMATSU We imaged and analysed the motion of single insulin secretory granules near the plasma membrane in live pancreatic β-cells, from normal and diabetic Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats, using total...

... pancreatic β-cell Biochem. J. (2000) 348, 215 222 (Printed in Great Britain) 215 Glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein : mutual dependence for nuclear localization Domenico BOSCO*, Paolo MEDA‹ and Patrick B. IYNEDJIANŒ1 *Louis Jeantet Research Laboratories, University of Geneva School of Medicine...