... output of retinaldehyde, the precursor of all- trans -retinoic acid that regulates the transcription of numerous genes. The interconversion is catalyzed by two distinct components of the ROC: the NAD(H)-dependent retinol dehydrogenase 10 (RDH10) and the NADP(H)-dependent dehydrogenase reductase 3 (DHRS3...

.... To achieve this transient expression, both epigenetic mechanisms and trans -acting factors are involved. In vitro assays showed that Gpat2 expression correlates with DNA demethylation and histone acetylation and that it is up-regulated by retinoic acid. Epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation was confirmed...

... and characterization of such a compound, an agonist for the retinoic acid receptor isolated from the sponges Luffariella sp. and Fascaplysinopsis . It has been reported that the majority of life on earth occupies a fraction of the world's surface, termed the ‘ocean fringe’, and it is to this species-rich environment...

...) causes a decrease of the maximal Ca 2+ released via RyR (ryanodine receptor) activation induced by KCl or 4-chloro- m -chresol. The latter result could be mimicked by the addition of retinoic acid to the C2C12 cell tissue culture medium, a treatment which caused a significant reduction of RyR1 expression...

... by the kinetics of the AKR1C3 R226P mutant. Retinol/retinaldehyde conversion, combined with the use of the inhibitor flufenamic acid, indicated a relevant role for endogenous AKR1Cs in retinaldehyde reduction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Overexpression of AKR1C proteins depleted RA (retinoic acid...

... is present in the protein complex formed at this site with nuclear proteins from uninduced cells, whereas both PBX1 and MEIS1 proteins were detected in the complex created with extract from RA (retinoic acid)-induced NT2/D1 cells. By functional analysis we also showed that mutations of the PBX1/MEIS1-binding...

... study showed that RDH10 is essential for generating retinoic acid at early embryonic stages. The present study demonstrated that wild-type RDH10 catalysed both oxidation of all- trans -retinol and reduction of all- trans -retinal in a cofactor-dependent manner In vitro . In cultured cells, however...

...Oriol Gallego; Olga V. Belyaeva; Sergio Porté; F. Xavier Ruiz; Anton V. Stetsenko; Elena V. Shabrova; Natalia V. Kostereva; Jaume Farrés; Xavier Parés; Natalia Y. Kedishvili Retinoic acid biosynthesis in vertebrates occurs in two consecutive steps: the oxidation of retinol to retinaldehyde followed...

... of kinetic, spectroscopic and crystallographic evidence, that a disorder-to-order transition is linked to catalytic activity. enzymology mouse retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 3 (RALDH3 ALDH1A3) pH-dependent kinetics retina retinoic acid 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ) RALDH3 was first...

...Olivier Loudig; Glenn A. Maclean; Naomi L. Dore; Luong Luu; Martin Petkovich Cyp26A1 encodes an RA (retinoic acid)-catabolizing CYP (cytochrome P450) protein that plays a critical role in regulating RA distribution in vivo . Cyp26A1 expression is inducible by RA, and the locus has previously been...

... at approx. 10% confluency and differentiation initiated by the addition of 1 μM 9 c RA (9- cis retinoic acid). Differentiation media was then replaced every 2 days. Cells were used 7 days after the start of treatment. Control cells were treated identically but with vehicle (ethanol) added to the media...

...Maureen A. KANE; Na CHEN; Susan SPARKS; Joseph L. NAPOLI We report a sensitive LC (liquid chromatography)/MS/MS assay using selected reaction monitoring to quantify RA (retinoic acid), which is applicable to biological samples of limited size (10–20 mg of tissue wet weight), requires no sample...

... dehydrogenase-1 ( Adh1 ) greatly facilitates degradative metabolism of excess retinol into retinoic acid to protect against toxic effects of high dietary vitamin A. Crbp1 −/− / Adh1 −/− double mutant mice were generated to explore whether the stimulatory effect of CRBP1 on retinyl ester formation is due...

...] and for increasing the binding of the activator retinoic acid to UCP1 [Tomás, Ledesma and Rial (2002) FEBS Lett. 526 , 63–65]. In the present study, yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) mutant strains lacking Q and expressing UCP1 were used to determine whether Q was required for UCP function in mitochondria. Wild...

... diabetes, inhibited retinal reduction by human AR and HSI AR. All- trans -retinoic acid failed to inhibit both enzymes. In this paper we present the AKRs as an emergent superfamily of retinal-active enzymes, putatively involved in the regulation of retinoid biological activity through the assimilation...

... was predominant in the liver of retinoic acid-repleted vitamin A-deficient rats, coincident with increased quantitative expression of LRAT mRNA and enzyme activity. The differential usage of these polyadenylation signals can explain the presence of multiple LRAT mRNA transcripts which are expressed in different...

... 2001 19 2 2002 26 3 2002 The Biochemical Society, London ©2002 2002 apolipoprotein A-I bile nuclear hormone receptor oxysterol retinoic acid Abbreviations used: AP, apical; apoA-I, apolipoprotein A-I; apoE, apolipoprotein E; ABC, ATP-binding cassette; BHK, baby...

... of glycosaminoglycan-containing components from bovine nasal cartilage cultured in the presence of interleukin-1β, and from bovine nasal, fetal bovine epiphyseal and adult human articular cartilage cultured in the presence of retinoic acid, was accompanied by the loss of link protein and hyaluronate into the culture...

...Robert SZTROLOVICS; Robert J. WHITE; Peter J. ROUGHLEY; John S. MORT The mechanisms of aggrecan degradation in adult human articular, adult bovine nasal and fetal bovine epiphyseal cartilage in response to either interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or retinoic acid were compared using an explant culture system...

... should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 10 7 2001 23 10 2001 30 11 2001 The Biochemical Society, London ©2002 2002 phytol retinoic acid retinoid X receptor Abbreviations used: UCP1, uncoupling protein-1; RXR, retinoid X receptor; PPAR, peroxisome...

...Thomas GRAY; Paul NETTESHEIM; Carol BASBAUM; Ja-Seok KOO We reported previously that the expression of the gene encoding MUC5AC mucin in human airway epithelial cells is controlled by retinoic acid via the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-α and that 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ) inhibits...

...Matthias HUSMANN; Yolanta DRAGNEVA; Eric ROMAHN; Petra JEHNICHEN Binding sites for transcription factor Sp1have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of several genes by hormones or vitamins, and here we show that a GC-rich element contributes to the retinoic acid response...

... by interacting with Grb2, little is known about the biological function of p67. Recent studies have shown that the expression of mDab2 is markedly up-regulated during the retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of F9 cells, suggesting another role for mDab2 in cell differentiation [Cho, Lee and Park (1999...

...]. For example, there is evidence that, in rodents, thyroid hormone promotes cone photoreceptor fate [4], retinoic acid promotes rod photoreceptor fate [5], transforming growth factor-b3 promotes amacrine cell fate [6] and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) promotes all photorecep- tor fates [7]. The competence of precursor...

.... Mannosamine inhibited interleukin 1α-, tumour necrosis factor α- and retinoic acid-stimulated proteoglycan release from bovine nasal and articular cartilage, and retinoic acid-stimulated proteoglycan release from human cartilage. Its effects on two GPI-anchored proteins [the urokinase receptor, which binds...