... localization mRNA transport ribosome translation Creating order from chaos is an energy-demanding task, no matter whether we talk about a toddler's room or the crowded environment within the cellular cytoplasm. With the origin of eukaryotic cells 2 billion years ago, compartmentalization of cellular...

...Rodrigo D. Requião; Géssica C. Barros; Tatiana Domitrovic; Fernando L. Palhano Protein segments with a high concentration of positively charged amino acid residues are often used in reporter constructs designed to activate ribosomal mRNA/protein decay pathways, such as those involving nonstop mRNA...

...Catherine E. Scull; Yinfeng Zhang; Nichole Tower; Lynn Rasmussen; Indira Padmalayam; Robert Hunter; Ling Zhai; Robert Bostwick; David A. Schneider Over the past two decades, ribosome biogenesis has emerged as an attractive target for cancer treatment. In this study, two high-throughput screens were...

...), an essential process for overcoming starvation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , sensing amino acid shortages requires that Gcn2 binds directly to its effector protein Gcn1 and both must associate with the ribosome. Our hypothesis is that uncharged tRNAs occur in the ribosomal A-site and that Gcn1 is directly...

... this, we have conducted a molecular characterization of this aMBF1. Affinity purification of interacting proteins indicates that aMBF1 binds to ribosomal subunits. On sucrose density gradients, aMBF1 co-fractionates with free 30S ribosomal subunits as well as with 70S ribosomes engaged in translation...

... proteins) are organized into two distinct dimers, P1A–P2B and P1B–P2A. To investigate the functional contribution of each dimer on the ribosome, RTA (ricin A chain), which binds to the stalk to depurinate the SRL (sarcin/ricin loop), was used as a molecular probe in yeast mutants in which the binding site...

...Lydia Prongidi-Fix; Laure Schaeffer; Angelita Simonetti; Sharief Barends; Jean-François Ménétret; Bruno P. Klaholz; Gilbert Eriani; Franck Martin Detailed knowledge of the structure of the ribosomal particles during their assembly on mRNA is a prerequisite for understanding the intricate...

...Przemysław Grela; Michal J. Gajda; Jean-Paul Armache; Roland Beckmann; Dawid Krokowski; Dmitri I. Svergun; Nikodem Grankowski; Marek Tchórzewski The ribosomal stalk of the 60S subunit has been shown to play a crucial role in all steps of protein synthesis, but its structure and exact molecular...

...Francisco Martinez-Azorin; Miguel Remacha; Juan P. G. Ballesta The ‘stalk’ is a large ribosomal subunit domain that regulates translation. In the present study the role of the ribosomal stalk P proteins in modulating ribosomal activity has been investigated in human cells using RNA interference...

... predominates in high-molecular-mass complexes. Loss of TSA1 results in aggregation of ribosomal proteins, indicating that Tsa1 functions to maintain the integrity of the translation apparatus. In the present study we report that Tsa1 functions as an antioxidant on actively translating ribosomes. Its peroxidase...

... initiation and in its control, and in regulation of ribosomes. Here, we establish that the interaction of ABC50 with eIF2 involves features in the N-terminal domain of ABC50, the region of ABC50 that differs most markedly from other ABC proteins. This region also shows no apparent similarity to the eIF2...

... and the mechanisms by which the translation of specific mRNAs is controlled. The process of protein synthesis or mRNA translation is conventionally divided into three main stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Each stage requires translation factors that transiently associate with the ribosome...

...Takaomi Nomura; Kohji Nakano; Yasushi Maki; Takao Naganuma; Takashi Nakashima; Isao Tanaka; Makoto Kimura; Akira Hachimori; Toshio Uchiumi We cloned the genes encoding the ribosomal proteins Ph ( Pyrococcus horikoshii )-P0, Ph-L12 and Ph-L11, which constitute the GTPase-associated centre...

.... In phenotypic studies, depletion of yloQ sensitized cells to antibiotics that bind at the peptide channel or peptidyl transferase centre, providing the first chemical genetic evidence linking this GTPase to ribosome function. Additional experiments using these small-molecule probes in vitro revealed...

... this PRMT3-interacting protein as rpS2 (ribosomal protein S2). In vitro studies showed that the zinc-finger domain of PRMT3 is necessary and sufficient for binding to rpS2. In addition, rpS2 is methylated by PRMT3 in vitro and is also methylated in cell lines. Deletion analysis of the rpS2 amino acid...

... components of Staufen 1-containing particles. Whereas the nucleocytoplasmic RNA-binding protein nucleolin is linked to Staufen in an RNA-dependent manner, the association of protein phosphatase 1, the microtubule-dependent motor protein kinesin and several components of the large and small ribosomal subunits...

...Arthur ABELIAN; Andrew P. WALSH; Georg LENTZEN; Fareed ABOUL-ELA; Michael J. GAIT The bacterial ribosome comprises 30 S and 50 S ribonucleoprotein subunits, contains a number of binding sites for known antibiotics and is an attractive target for selection of novel antibacterial agents. On the 30 S...

...Sonja BAUM; Margarethe BITTINS; Steffen FREY; Matthias SEEDORF Scp160p interacts in an mRNA-dependent manner with translating ribosomes via multiple RNA-binding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K-homology (KH) domains. In the present study, we show by protein–protein cross-linking...

...Maciej SZYMAŃSKI; Mirosawa Z. BARCISZEWSKA; Volker A. ERDMANN; Jan BARCISZEWSKI 5S rRNA is an integral component of the large ribosomal subunit in all known organisms. Despite many years of intensive study, the function of 5S rRNA in the ribosome remains unknown. Advances in the analysis...

...Esmeralda A. WOESTENENK; George M. GONGADZE; Dmitry V. SHCHERBAKOV; Alexey V. RAK; Maria B. GARBER; Torleif HÄRD; Helena BERGLUND We have determined the solution structure of ribosomal protein L18 from Thermus thermophilus . L18 is a 12.5kDa protein of the large subunit of the ribosome and binds...

...Harald SCHLATTER; Thomas LANGER; Susann ROSMUS; Marie-Luise ONNEKEN; Hugo FASOLD Ribosomal subunits are assembled in the nucleus, and mature 40S and 60S subunits are exported stoichiometrically into the cytoplasm. The nuclear export of ribosomal subunits is a unidirectional, saturable and energy...

... not only plays an essential role to ensure the N-terminus-outside/C-terminus-inside orientation of TM1 with an extracellular N-terminus, it can also translocate into membranes post-translationally in a signal-recognition particle and ribosome-dependent manner to provide an additional insurance for correct...