...Kyle D. Luttgeharm; Edgar B. Cahoon; Jonathan E. Markham Ceramide makes up the acyl-backbone of sphingolipids and plays a central role in determining the function of these essential membrane lipids. In Arabidopsis, the varied chemical composition of ceramide is determined by the specificity...

...Werner G. Purschke; Kai Hoehlig; Klaus Buchner; Dirk Zboralski; Frank Schwoebel; Axel Vater; Sven Klussmann The sphingolipid S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) is known to be involved in a number of pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune diseases and fibrosis. It acts extracellularly...

... and initiates intracellular signalling cascades that promote malignant transformation, but the underlying mechanisms for c-Src translocation remain unclear. In the present study we show that c-Src up-regulation perturbs sphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains by activating ceramide synthesis...

... combinations of drugs that more potently kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. The BCL2 family of proteins and bioactive sphingolipids are intricately linked during apoptotic cell death. In fact, many chemotherapeutic drugs are known to cause accumulation of the pro-apoptotic sphingolipid ceramide...

...Thomas D. Mullen; Yusuf A. Hannun; Lina M. Obeid Sphingolipid metabolism in metazoan cells consists of a complex interconnected web of numerous enzymes, metabolites and modes of regulation. At the centre of sphingolipid metabolism reside CerSs (ceramide synthases), a group of enzymes that catalyse...

...) analysis of sphingolipids based on both mass and hydrophobicity, and use this method to characterize the SM (sphingomyelin), ceramide and GalCer (galactosylceramide) content of hippocampus from AD (Alzheimer's disease) and control subjects. Using a mathematical relationship we exclude the influence...

... of translation during cell stress. However, the signals regulating p-body formation are poorly defined. Recent results have demonstrated a function for sphingolipids in regulating translation during heat stress, which led to the current hypothesis that p-bodies may form during heat stress in a sphingolipid...

... inhibit dihydroceramide desaturase activity. Sphingolipids comprise a group of cellular lipids with important regulatory functions [ 1 ]. Different species of sphingolipids have been implicated in a variety of cellular processes. Two well-known bioactive sphingolipids, ceramide and sphingosine 1...

...Masami O. Kinoshita; Shigeki Furuya; Shinya Ito; Yoko Shinoda; Yasuhiro Yamazaki; Peter Greimel; Yukishige Ito; Tsutomu Hashikawa; Takeo Machida; Yasuko Nagatsuka; Yoshio Hirabayashi Membrane lipid rafts provide a specialized microenvironment enriched with sphingolipids and phospholipids containing...

.... Finally, DAG derived from sphingolipid metabolism has been potentially linked to translocation of PKD (protein kinase D) to the Golgi [ 16 ]. Mammalian SMSs (namely, SMS1 and SMS2) have only been recently identified molecularly [ 17 , 18 ]. Overall, no significant biochemical differences have been...

...Thorsten Hornemann; Yu Wei; Arnold von Eckardstein SPT (serine palmitoyltransferase) catalyses the rate-limiting step for the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. Mammalian SPT is believed to be a heterodimer composed of two subunits, SPTLC1 and SPTLC2. We reported previously the identification...

... if they utilize C 16 and C 18 fatty acids for sphingolipid biosynthesis. In another series of experiments, a different lipid extraction method allowing to also extract MIPCs and M(IP) 2 Cs and HPLC-ESI (electrospray ionization)-MS/MS technology were used. Exponentially growing cells ( D 600 of 1–2) were...

...Natsuko Kageyama-Yahara; Howard Riezman Ceramide plays a crucial role as a basic building block of sphingolipids, but also as a signalling molecule mediating cell-fate decisions. Three genes, LAG1 , LAC1 and LIP1 , have been shown to be required for ceramide synthase activity in Saccharomyces...

... deletion in lag1 or lac1 have no remarkable phenotype; however, lag1 Δ lac1 Δ double mutant cells have drastically reduced sphingolipid levels. In vitro assays using extracts from these cells demonstrated that LAG1 and LAC1 are essential key genes for the acyl-CoA-dependent ceramide synthesis...

... To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 12 10 2004 4 2 2005 7 2 2005 7 2 2005 The Biochemical Society, London 2005 cell-cycle arrest cell growth cell survival myristoylation sphingolipid sphingosine Sphingosine kinases...

... with calnexin, indicating that the enzyme resides in the endoplasmic reticulum. FA2H is expressed in brain, stomach, skin, kidney and testis, i.e. in tissues known to synthesize fatty acid α-hydroxylated sphingolipids. The time course of its expression in brain closely follows the expression of myelin-specific...

... to S transition and proliferation of yeast cells. To separate the role of DAG generated during IPC synthesis from that originating from other sources, we utilized β-chloroalanine and myriocin, inhibitors of serine:palmitoyl-CoA transferase, the first committed step in sphingolipid synthesis, to avoid...

... sequence. Deletional analysis revealed that sphingosine responsiveness was mapped to a negative regulatory element contained within 814 bp upstream of the coding region. The results indicate that bioactive sphingolipid metabolites suppress surfactant lipid synthesis by inhibiting gene transcription...

..., Orionintie 1, 02200 Espoo, Finland. 28 10 2003 11 2 2004 12 3 2004 12 3 2004 The Biochemical Society, London ©2004 2004 calcium entry calcium homoeostasis ceramide 1-phosphate nimodipine sphingolipid voltage-operated calcium channel Abbreviations used: BAPTA...

... ceramidase is available on the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ). 2 5 2003 12 8 2003 28 8 2003 28 8 2003 The Biochemical Society, London ©2003 2003 ceramidase ceramide Dictyostelium discoideum pH dependency sphingolipid Abbreviations used: CDase, ceramidase; Cer...

... along with G M3 upon incubation of the fraction with exogenous unlabelled G M3 , underlying the presence of other sphingolipid-specific glycosyltransferases in MAM. On the basis of our results, we propose MAM as a privileged compartment in providing GSLs for mitochondria. Biochem. J. (2003) 371, 1013...

... studies have shown that slowing the formation of proliferation-stimulating sphingolipids also induces apoptosis. These relationships are due to the two different aspects of Cer: Cer itself produces apoptosis, but metabolic conversion of Cer into either sphingosine 1-phosphate or glucosphingolipids leads...

...Susanna HÖGBACK; Petra LEPPIMÄKI; Britt RUDNÄS; Sonja BJÖRKLUND; J. Peter SLOTTE; Kid TÖRNQUIST Sphingolipid (SP) derivatives have diverse effects on the regulation of intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca 2+ ] i ) in a multitude of non-excitable cells. In the present investigation...

... and the formation of endosomes can be facilitated by transient ceramide formation. Also, signalling towards mitochondria may involve glyco- INTRODUCTION The sphingolipid ceramide (Cer) is almost universally generated during cellular stress and apoptosis, either by de noŠo synthesis or via the action of acid...

...Claudia COLINA; Vincenza CERVINO; Gustavo BENAIM The plasma-membrane Ca 2+ -ATPase is a key enzyme in the regulation of the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration. On the other hand, sphingolipids have been recognized recently as important second messengers, acting in many systems in combination with Ca...