... ], completing the catalytic cycle. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of Prx redox cycling (a) and structural transitions (b) *, sulfinic acid. hydrogen peroxide hyperoxidation oxidative stress protein–protein interaction signalling thiol Prxs (peroxiredoxins) belong to a highly conserved...

...Samir A. Khan; Ana M. Rossi; Andrew M. Riley; Barry V. L. Potter; Colin W. Taylor IP 3 R (IP 3 [inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate] receptors) and ryanodine receptors are the most widely expressed intracellular Ca 2+ channels and both are regulated by thiol reagents. In DT40 cells stably expressing...

... Society 2010 hydroperoxide oxidative stress peroxidase peroxiredoxin (Prx) protein oxidation thiol Reduced monomers and disulfide-bonded dimers were separated by non-reducing SDS/PAGE (10, 12 or 15% gels). Gels were either silver-stained or transferred on to a PVDF membrane and blotted...

... concentrations where there are no observed effects on Keap1 or cytotoxicity. actin cytoskeleton focal adhesion post-translational protein modification reactive lipid species redox signalling thiol 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 4 8 2009 3 6...

... thiols and especially low p K a species. In the present study we show that HOSCN targets cysteine residues present in PTPs (protein tyrosine phosphatases) with this resulting in a loss of PTP activity for the isolated enzyme, in cell lysates and intact J774A.1 macrophage-like cells. Inhibition also...

... redox signalling thiol Electrophilic compounds have attracted great interest as potential therapeutic agents in several fields, including cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration [ 1 – 4 ]. Their primary mechanism of action occurs through their ability to covalently modify key...

... with thiol-specific antioxidant activity [ 31 ]. That same year, parallel studies investigating the composition of human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid identified a novel protein, termed AEB166, which shared 65% sequence homology with the bacterial Prx AhpC [ 32 , 33 ]. This protein has subsequently been...

... 25 9 2009 25 9 2009 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 cysteine nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) reactive oxygen species (ROS) redox thiol thioredoxin Previous studies have highlighted the independence of different thiol...

... Society 2009 hydrogen peroxide mitochondria peroxiredoxin oxidative stress sulfenic acid thiol Treated Jurkat cells (1×10 6 ) were washed in ice-cold PBS and resuspended in extract buffer (40 mM Hepes, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA and protease inhibitors, pH 7.4) containing 1% CHAPS...

... molecules and carbon monoxide. The electrophilic cyclopentenone 15d-PGJ 2 (15-deoxy-Δ 12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 ) induces the expression of HO-1 protein through the covalent modification of protein thiols. It has been shown that specific thiol residues of the redox-sensor Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated...

... (email [email protected] ). 28 5 2008 6 8 2008 12 8 2008 12 8 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 glutathione kinetic modelling NADPH redoxin reductase thiol Figure 1 A comparison of the reaction schemes for the thioredoxin...

...-links, and hence modified proteins. Previous studies have shown that free or protein-bound carbonyls inactivate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with concomitant loss of thiol groups [Morgan, Dean and Davies (2002) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 403 , 259–269]. It was therefore hypothesized...

...Arun Kumar; Lijo John; Md. Mahmood Alam; Ankit Gupta; Gayatri Sharma; Beena Pillai; Shantanu Sengupta Intracellular thiols like cysteine, homocysteine and glutathione play a critical role in the regulation of important cellular processes. Alteration of intracellular thiol concentration results...

... modification of specific cysteine residues in the proteins. Using a proteomics approach, extensive modification of mitochondrial protein thiols was demonstrated. From these data it is evident that HNO interacts with mitochondria through mechanisms distinct from those of either NO • or peroxynitrite, including...

... + and a normal intracellular level of GSH. In the presence of the thiol scavenger oxidant, azodicarboxylic acid bis[dimethylamide], at concentrations lethal for G6pd Δ but not for wild-type ES cells, NADPH and GSH in G6pd Δ cells dramatically shift to their oxidized forms. In contrast, wild-type ES cells...

... is not hydrated when it is bound to papain and that it does not form a thiohemiketal with the thiol group of Cys-25. Z-Phe-[1- 13 C]Ala-glyoxal has also been synthesized and its aldehyde carbon is fully hydrated in aqueous solution giving signals at 88.7p.p.m. and 90.2p.p.m. when the α-keto carbon and its hydrate...

...Saori FURUTA; Fausto ORTIZ; Xiu ZHU SUN; Hsiao-Huei WU; Andrew MASON; Jamil MOMAND The p53 tumour-suppressor protein is a transcription factor that activates the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA repair. The p53 protein is vulnerable to oxidation at cysteine thiol...