... translocation Glycans are involved in each and every aspect of tumour progression, from cellular proliferation to angiogenesis and metastasis [ 1 ]. Changes in post-translational modification of proteins are closely associated with malignant transformation of tumour cells. An aberrant glycosylation...

... to the translocase (SecYEG–SecA) ( Figure 3 A); (ii) assembly of the SecY–SecA–preprotein complex and preprotein translocation ( Figure 3 B); and (iii) release of the preprotein followed by either its periplasmic folding or its further translocation through a downstream secretion system ( Figure 3 C). 3 8...

... and inner membrane. Finally, MTSs are identified and cut-off by mitochondrial-processing peptidases, releasing mature proteins (reviewed in [ 12 – 16 ]). In the present study, we have investigated the consequences of the S45G mutation on targeting, binding, translocation and processing steps of mt-AspRS. We...

... of DGKγ with β2-chimaerin. It is noteworthy that simultaneous addition of PMA and H 2 O 2 synergistically enhanced the interaction. In this case, PMA was replaceable by DAG (diacylglycerol). The β2-chimaerin translocation from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane caused by PMA plus H 2 O 2 was further...

... by the aminosteroid PLC (phospholipase C) inhibitor U-73122, although an ATP-competitive inhibitor had no significant effect on acute DAG generation. Immunoblot analysis showed that an ATP-competitive inhibitor enhanced cell-permeable DAG analogue- or phorbol-ester-induced translocation of endogenous PKC. Furthermore...

... -ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein-attachment protein receptor)-independent translocation of syt9C 2 AB to the plasma membrane at calcium levels corresponding to endocrine exocytosis, followed by internalization to endosomes. The use of point mutants and truncations revealed that initial translocation...

... separation between the ER-containing fraction and the mitochondrial fraction. A pooling of our ER-containing and mitochondrial fractions would have also missed the increase in actin relocalization. Figure 1 Mitochondrial translocation of β-actin in STS-induced HEK-293T cells Western blot analysis...

... activation of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)–PKB (protein kinase B) signalling. Activation of PI3K–PKB signalling results in the phosphorylation of FoxO factors on three conserved phosphorylation motifs, which are essential for the translocation of FoxO factors from the nucleus to the cytosol. FoxO6...

... disappearance from nuclei of cells undergoing iron depletion. These results suggest that O-glycosylation accompanies the transfer of ferritin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, but does not influence the reverse process. The picture that emerges is one in which ferritin translocation between the cytoplasm...

... treatment with IFN-β, IHPK2-eGFP translocated to the nucleus. In cells transfected with mutant IHPK2-NLS-eGFP (where NLS stands for nuclear localization sequence), containing point mutations in the NLS, the fusion protein remained trapped in the cytoplasm, even after IFN-β treatment. Cells expressing mutant...

...Shin-ichi IMAI; Masahiro KAI; Keiko YAMADA; Hideo KANOH; Fumio SAKANE DGK (diacylglycerol kinase) regulates the concentration of two bioactive lipids, diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. DGKδ1 or its PH (pleckstrin homology) domain alone has been shown to be translocated to the plasma membrane...

...-mail [email protected] ). 27 8 2003 3 11 2003 13 11 2003 13 11 2003 The Biochemical Society, London ©2004 2004 autolysis calpain Drosophila expression pattern translocation Abbreviations used: GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP, green...

...Susan AISTON; Andrew GREEN; Mohammed MUKHTAR; Loranne AGIUS The role of glucose 6-P (glucose 6-phosphate) in regulating the activation state of glycogen synthase and its translocation is well documented. In the present study, we investigated the effects of glucose 6-P on the activation state...

... activity resulted in approx. a 60% decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Furthermore, inhibition of calpain activity prevented the translocation of insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicles to the plasma membrane, as demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy of whole cells...

... and triggers its translocation from mitochondria to cytoplasm in cells expressing Bcl-x L but not Bcl-2. Overexpression of Bad sensitized Bcl-x L -expressing FL5.12 cells to apoptosis induced by IL-3 deprivation, but had no effect on the viability of cells expressing Bcl-2. IL-3 stimulation induced Bad...

... previous studies indicated that incubation of isolated hepatocytes with glucose activated GS and resulted in its translocation from a homogeneous cytosolic distribution to the cell periphery. These studies also suggested a relationship with insoluble elements of the cytoskeleton, in particular actin. Here...

... mutants of human GPA with impaired dimerization were prepared (L75I, I76A, G79L and G83L). All four GPA mutants enhanced band 3 translocation to the Xenopus oocyte plasma membrane in the same way as wild-type GPA, showing that the GPA monomer is sufficient to mediate this process. Cell-surface expression...

..., because TAG exhibits a normal subcellular dis- tribution when expressed at even higher levels (Figure 1 and Table 1) [32,38]. Moreover, as shown below, the distribution of TAIL is also impaired when expressed at low levels in adipocytes. Despite this defect, TAIL translocated from the LDM to the PM...

...Loranne AGIUS; Mark STUBBS Glucokinase translocates between the cytoplasm and nucleus of hepatocytes where it is bound to a 68 kDa protein. The mechanism by which glucose induces translocation of glucokinase from the nucleus was investigated using glucose analogues that are not phosphorylated...

... replacement by Ala, Glu or even Arg strongly impaired both the binding and the translocation of uracil. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 7 7 1998 2 12 1998 14 1 1999 The Biochemical Society, London © 1999 1999 binding plasma...