The inner leaflet of a typical mammalian plasma membrane contains 20-30% univalent PS (phosphatidylserine) and 1% multivalent PtdIns(4,5)P2. Numerous proteins have clusters of basic (or basic/hydrophobic) residues that bind to these acidic lipids. The intracellular effector CaM (calmodulin) can reverse this binding on a wide variety of proteins, including MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate), GAP43 (growth-associated protein 43, also known as neuromodulin), gravin, GRK5 (G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5), the NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor and the ErbB family. We used the first principles of physics, incorporating atomic models and the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, to describe how the basic effector domain of MARCKS binds electrostatically to acidic lipids on the plasma membrane. The theoretical calculations show the basic cluster produces a local positive electrostatic potential that should laterally sequester PtdInsP2, even when univalent acidic lipids are present at a physiologically relevant 100-fold excess; four independent experimental measurements confirm this prediction. Ca2+/CaM binds with high affinity (Kd approximately 10nM) to this domain and releases the PtdIns(4,5)P2. MARCKS, a major PKC (protein kinase C) substrate, is present at concentrations comparable with those of PtdIns(4,5)P2 (approx. 10 μM) in many cell types. Thus MARCKS can act as a reversible PtdIns(4,5)P2 buffer, binding PtdIns(4,5)P2 in a quiescent cell, and releasing it locally when the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increases. This reversible sequestration is important because PtdIns(4,5)P2 plays many roles in cell biology. Less is known about the role of CaM-mediated reversible membrane binding of basic/hydrophobic clusters for the other proteins.
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January 2005
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Review Article|
January 01 2005
Reversible - through calmodulin - electrostatic interactions between basic residues on proteins and acidic lipids in the plasma membrane.
Stuart McLaughlin;
Stuart McLaughlin
1
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Science Center, SUNY Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, U.S.A.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected]).
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Gyöngyi Hangyás-Mihályné;
Gyöngyi Hangyás-Mihályné
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Science Center, SUNY Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, U.S.A.
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Irina Zaitseva;
Irina Zaitseva
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Science Center, SUNY Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, U.S.A.
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Urszula Golebiewska
Urszula Golebiewska
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Science Center, SUNY Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, U.S.A.
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Online ISSN: 1744-1439
Print ISSN: 0067-8694
© 2005 The Biochemical Society
2005
Biochem Soc Symp (2005) 72: 189–198.
Citation
Jeff McIlhinney, Nigel Hooper, Stuart McLaughlin, Gyöngyi Hangyás-Mihályné, Irina Zaitseva, Urszula Golebiewska; Reversible - through calmodulin - electrostatic interactions between basic residues on proteins and acidic lipids in the plasma membrane.. Biochem Soc Symp 1 January 2005; 72 189–198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0720189
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