Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) transmitted by the sand fly and is a major public health problem worldwide. Infections caused by Leishmania clinically manifest as a wide range of diseases, such as cutaneous (CL), diffuse cutaneous (DCL), mucosal (MCL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The host innate and adaptative immune responses play critical roles in the defense against leishmaniasis. However, Leishmania parasites also manipulate the host immune response for their survival and replication. In addition, other factors such as sand fly salivary proteins and microbiota also promote disease susceptibility and parasite spread by modulating local immune response. Thus, a complex interplay between parasite, sand fly and the host immunity governs disease severity and outcome. In this review, we discuss the host immune response during Leishmania infection and highlight the factors associated with resistance or susceptibility.
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On the implications of the copper co-factor in lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase. A brief overview of structure, oxygen activation and application as bioindustrial process tools for decomposition of lignocellulose. Further information can be found in the review by Ipsen and colleagues (pages 531–540). Image provided by Katja Johansen.
Understanding the immune responses involved in mediating protection or immunopathology during leishmaniasis Available to Purchase
Thalia Pacheco-Fernandez, Greta Volpedo, Chaitenya Verma, Abhay R. Satoskar; Understanding the immune responses involved in mediating protection or immunopathology during leishmaniasis. Biochem Soc Trans 26 February 2021; 49 (1): 297–311. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20200606
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