... worldwide, and have a significant financial impact on society. Assembly and budding of new viral particles are a complex and multi-step process involving several host and viral factors. Influenza viruses use lipid raft domains in the apical plasma membrane of polarized epithelial cells as sites of budding...

..., the assembly pathway of the 22 polypeptide chains present in a stoichiometry of ab 2 c 10 α 3 β 3 γδϵ has so far not received sufficient attention. In our studies, mutants that synthesize different sets of F o F 1 subunits allowed the characterization of individually formed stable subcomplexes. Furthermore...

.... The present review addresses the role of accessory subunits for assembly, stability and regulation of complex I and for cellular functions not directly associated with redox-linked proton translocation. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email Zickermann@med.uni-frankfurt.de ). 3 6...

...Emily A. Bruce; Amanda Stuart; Mary W. McCaffrey; Paul Digard As intracellular pathogens, enveloped viruses must usurp the host cell machinery for many stages of the viral life cycle in order to produce a new generation of infectious virions. In one of the less understood steps of viral assembly...

... by many synapses. Among these, postsynaptic scaffolding proteins play a key role. They have the ability to assemble into membrane-tethered lattices and to adopt unique conformational states in different postsynaptic microenvironments, which may represent a key prerequisite of synapse heterogeneity...

...Soyeon Park; Geng Tian; Jeroen Roelofs; Daniel Finley The proteasome is the most complex protease known, with a molecular mass of approx. 3 MDa and 33 distinct subunits. Recent studies reported the discovery of four chaperones that promote the assembly of a 19-subunit subcomplex of the proteasome...

... are able to take on conformations other than their native fold to form long fibres known as amyloid. In vivo , these are associated with misfolding diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Type 2 diabetes and the amyloidoses. In vitro , peptide assembly leads to amyloid-like fibres that have high stability...

... are constructed as pentameric ion channels, with α and β subunits being the minimal requirement, and the incorporation of a γ subunit being necessary for benzodiazepine modulation and synaptic targeting. Insights have been provided by the discovery of several specific assembly signals within different GABA...

... membrane-spanning domains of these proteins must be inserted into the lipid bilayer during biosynthesis, the mechanism by which their integration is achieved and their subsequent folding/assembly are poorly defined. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of protein synthesis...