...Wei Li; Richard M. Salmon; He Jiang; Nicholas W. Morrell Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)9 and BMP10 are high affinity ligands for activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1), a type I BMP receptor mainly expressed on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). ALK1-mediated BMP9/BMP10 signalling pathways have...

... The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 Ten years after the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA’s) approval of the first anti-angiogenic therapy (Bevacizumab), our strategies need to be rethought. Endothelial cell (EC) heterogeneity along with the complexity of tumour...

[email protected] ). 15 9 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 angiogenesis endothelial cell integrin neuropilin semaphorin vascular endothelial growth factor vascular permeability The cardiovascular system is the first organ system to develop...

... degradation of capillary basement membrane, endothelial cell proliferation and migration, tubulogenesis, vessel fusion and stabilization [ 8 – 10 ]. A large number of factors and cell types participate in the regulation of this important physiological (and pathological) process; the purpose of the present...

... cells, ERK5 is required for preventing apoptosis, mediating shear-stress signalling and regulating tumour angiogenesis. The present review focuses on our current understanding of the role of ERK5 in regulating endothelial cell function. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email...

... ) . 14 5 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 angiogenesis cilium endothelial cell phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3K) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) trafficking Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases that catalyse...

... with cardiovascular disease, the specific effect of hyper- (or hypo-) glycaemia is less well understood. The present review focuses on the impact that glycaemic dysregulation has on respiratory function and ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation in the endothelial cells that are critical in preventing several key...

... for artery obstruction and affects the heart by causing myocardial infarction. The vascular wall is composed of three cell types and includes a monolayer of endothelial cells and is irrigated by a vasa vasorum. The formation of the vascular network from the vasa vasorum is a process involved...

...Clare Hetheridge; Georgia Mavria; Harry Mellor Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple cellular events. In addition to receiving inputs from a range of stimulatory and inhibitory factors, endothelial cells undergoing angiogenesis make multiple interactions with the extracellular...

...Lindsay S. Cooley; Dylan R. Edwards The mammalian vascular system consists of two distinct, but closely related, networks: the blood vasculature (itself divided into arterial and venous networks) and the lymphatic vasculature. EC (endothelial cell) lineage specification has been proposed...

... of tissues and is activated by a range of growth factors, cytokines and cellular stresses. Targeted deletion of Erk5 in mice has revealed that the ERK5 signalling cascade is critical for normal cardiovascular development and vascular integrity. In vitro studies have revealed that in endothelial cells, ERK5...

... of the potential role(s) of PARs and COX enzymes in physiological angiogenesis is, however, currently lacking. Exposure of human endothelial cells to serine proteases (e.g. thrombin) or to PAR-selective agonist peptides leads to a wide range of cellular responses, including enhanced expression of COX-2, and we...

...Nader Rahimi Regulation of angiogenesis is often viewed as a balance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, and when the balance shifts in favour of angiogenesis stimulators, an angiogenic switch turns on the normally inactive endothelial cells to grow new blood vessels. Recent studies...

... should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 29 7 2009 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 angiogenesis endothelial cell endothelial homoeostasis ETS transcription factor gene expression Angiogenesis, namely the formation of new blood...

... endemic exogenous agonists are mediated by non-BMDC (bone-marrow-derived cells), which can include endothelial cells. In contrast, the proatherogenic TLR2 responses to the defined synthetic exogenous agonist Pam3 CSK4 are mediated at least in part by BMDC, which can include lymphocytes, monocytes...

...H.M. McGettrick; A. Filer; G.E. Rainger; C.D. Buckley; G.B. Nash Vascular endothelial cells play a pivotal role in regulating leucocyte recruitment during inflammation, and their responses can be modulated by their local environment, including cells of the tissue stroma. We have developed a model...

...C.P.D. Wheeler-Jones Vascular disease is initiated by activation of the endothelium characterized by the predominance of pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant changes in endothelial cells (ECs) referred to collectively as ‘endothelial dysfunction’. There is increasing evidence that lipoproteins...

... (phosphoinositide 3-kinases). Hereditary mutation of PTEN causes tumour-susceptibility diseases such as Cowden disease. We used the Cre - loxP system to generate an endothelial cell-specific mutation of PTEN in mice. Heterozygous mutation of PTEN in endothelial cells enhances postnatal neovascularization, including...

... and time. Both processes are influenced by silent chemokine receptors (interceptors), including DARC (Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines). Increasing experimental evidence suggests that DARC is involved in accumulation of extravascular chemokines in endothelial cells, chemokine transcytosis...

... Free radicals, specifically ROS (reactive oxygen species) are generated soon after vessel occlusion, as well as in later stages of ischaemic reperfusion. These ROS are the fundamental mediators of reperfusion injury. Cerebral endothelial cells, which make up the BBB, are one of the primary targets...

... fatty acids capable of activating PP2Cα and PP2Cβ in vitro induce apoptosis in various cell types as shown here for neurons and endothelial cells. Using RNA interference to reduce the amount of PP2Cα and PP2Cβ results in cells significantly less susceptible to the apoptotic effect of oleic acid...

...S. Sayner; T. Stevens Within pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, activation of endogenous adenylate cyclase generates tightly regulated cAMP transitions in the subplasma membrane space. These cAMP fluxes strengthen contacts between adjacent cells to tighten their barrier function. However...

... dynamically to various stimuli, and controls a complex series of cellular reactions and interactions. The current presentation describes the use of computer enhanced video recording to study interactions between endothelial cells and circulating blood cells, especially leucocytes. Subsequently, modern assays...

...C.M. Williams; V. Maitin; K.G. Jackson Lipoproteins such as LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and oxidized LDL have potentially adverse effects on endothelial cells due to their ability to activate pro-inflammatory pathways regulated via the transcription factor NF-κB (nuclear factor κB...

... specialization and provide potentially useful guidance devices for targeted therapies. 1 e-mail [email protected] 6 February 2004 © 2004 Biochemical Society 2004 endothelial cell homing peptide integrin phage display Jubilee Lecture Vascular zip codes in angiogenesis...

... endothelial cell hyperglycaemia methylglyoxal Abbreviations used: AGE, advanced glycation end product; CEL, N ∊ -(1-carboxyethyl)lysine; CML, N ∊ -(carboxymethyl)lysine; ERK, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; Hsp, heat-shock protein; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MGO...