..., and protein ligands of Ca 2+ . The aromatic stacking platform for GalNAc (Trp398, magenta) is also shown. The side chains of the catalytic residues are also shown in ( A ) and ( B ). ABC transport proteins bifidobacterium carbohydrate metabolism glycoside hydrolase host–microbe interactions...

... the action of other glycoside hydrolases (GHs). In bacteria, the genes involved in sialic acid metabolism are usually found clustered together forming what is denominated as a Nan cluster. The canonical nanA/K/E cluster was first described in Escherichia coli [ 13 ] and an alternative pathway defined...

... by the location and specificity of the enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation. These enzymes, glycosyltransferases and glycoside hydrolases, need to be functionally well characterized in order to investigate the structure and function of glycans. The use of enzyme inhibitors, which target...

... that are specific for given enzymes, as opposed to being generic or merely fortuitous. distortion drug design glycoside hydrolase inhibition reaction mechanism transition state Enzyme Mechanism A Structural Perspective 523 Mapping the conformational itinerary of -glycosidases by X-ray crystallography...

... these enzymes work. The mechanisms of many of the glycoside hydrolase families are becoming clearer, yet glycosyltransferases are only slowly revealing their secrets. What is clear from the genomic and structural data is that if we are to harness the latent power of glycogenomics, scientists must consider...