...Hannah Bolland; Tiffany S. Ma; Syafiq Ramlee; Kristijan Ramadan; Ester M. Hammond Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumours and predicts for poor prognosis. In radiobiological hypoxia (<0.1% O 2 ) cells become up to three times more resistant to radiation. The biological response...

... of the role of CHCHD4 and the DRS in physiology and disease, with a specific focus on the emerging importance of CHCHD4 in regulating the cellular response to low oxygen (hypoxia) and metabolism in cancer. Mitochondria consist of an outer and inner mitochondrial membrane (OMM and IMM) that encompass...

... of oncometabolites. We also describe emerging evidence that these enzymes are responsive to cellular stresses including hypoxia and DNA damage. Moreover, we examine how dysregulation of 2OG-dependent oxygenases is associated with human disease, and the apparent paradoxical role for some of these enzymes during...

...Michael Batie; Sonia Rocha Oxygen sensing is an essential feature of metazoan biology and reductions in oxygen availability (hypoxia) have both physiological and pathophysiological implications. Co-ordinated mechanisms have evolved for sensing and responding to hypoxia, which involve diverse...

...Andrew J. Murray; Hugh E. Montgomery; Martin Feelisch; Michael P.W. Grocott; Daniel S. Martin Ascent to high altitude is associated with physiological responses that counter the stress of hypobaric hypoxia by increasing oxygen delivery and by altering tissue oxygen utilisation via metabolic...

... Society 2016 cancer metabolism fumarate hydratase hypoxia isocitrate dehydrogenase reactive oxygen species (ROS) succinate dehydrogenase Metabolic reprogramming is now a recognized hallmark of cancer transformation. The first observation of this phenotype was in the early 1920s, when...

... hypoxia proteostasis unfolded protein response (UPR) Protein homoeostasis, or proteostasis, is conducted through sophisticated networks of mechanisms to maintain the quality of proteins. The quality control of proteins is carefully regulated by the balance of protein synthesis, folding...

...) mitochondrial complex I hypoxia ischaemia thiol modification thiol nitrosation Production of energy in most aerobic cells is provided by the combined action of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATP synthase. Reducing equivalents from pyridine nucleotides (NADH) generated in several catabolic...

...Colin R. Lenihan; Cormac T. Taylor Hypoxia is a frequently encountered feature of the cellular microenvironment in a number of pathophysiological processes in which programmed cell death (apoptosis) affects disease progression including, but not limited to, cancer, chronic inflammation, myocardial...

... ). 21 9 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 angiogenesis cancer coagulation exosome hypoxia microvesicle The preceding view of intercellular communication in mammalian organisms has been limited to direct cell–cell contact, the secretion...

... capillarity by more than 50%, (ii) decreases exercise endurance time by approximately 80%, and (iii) abolishes the angiogenic response to exercise training. What causes VEGF to increase with exercise is not clear. Despite regulation by HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor), increased HIF on exercise, and P O 2...

... compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 hypoxia ischaemic disease Notch intracellular domain Notch signalling therapeutic angiogenesis vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) In the Western world, ischaemic disease is highly prevalent and is associated with elevated morbidity...

... should be addressed (email megan.cully@cancer.org.uk ). 23 9 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2k) eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) hypoxia mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR...

... deprivation (hypoxia). Here, we will briefly review the evolving evidence for this pathway in the regulation of a number of metabolic regulators and discuss a possible role for SUMOylation in the regulation of basic metabolic function. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email cormac.taylor...

..., University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. (email medkep@leeds.ac.uk ). 15 6 2007 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Biochemical Society 2007 cardiac fibroblast collagen hypoxia invasion matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) myocardial remodelling The adult heart consists...

... factors including, particularly oxygen, superoxide, H 2 O 2 , antioxidants, thiols and glycolysis. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email vb207@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk ). 4 7 2005 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 apoptosis hypoxia necrosis nitric oxide...

... p.trayhurn@liverpool.ac.uk ). 11 7 2005 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 adipokine adipose tissue cytokine hypoxia inflammation metabolic syndrome White adipose tissue (WAT) has become the subject of considerable activity in recent years and is now a ‘hot spot...

...L. Callinan; T.V. McCarthy; Y. Maulet; J.J. Mackrill One type of cellular response to hypoxia is an increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ . VDCCs (voltage-dependent calcium channels) open upon membrane depolarization allowing inward current of Ca 2+ ions. Two of the so-called L-type VDCC α1 subunits, Ca v...

... inducible NOS (nitric oxide synthase) highly sensitizes neurons to hypoxia-induced death, probably via the NO–oxygen competition at cytochrome oxidase. Thus the NO from neuronal NOS during excitotoxicity or the NO from inducible NOS during inflammation may sensitize the brain to hypoxic/ischaemic damage...

...D.E. Lancaster; M.A. McDonough; C.J. Schofield FIH (Factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor), an asparaginyl β-hydroxylase belonging to the super-family of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases, catalyses hydroxylation of Asn-803 of hypoxia-inducible factor, a transcription factor...

...K.S. Hewitson; L.A. McNeill; J.M. Elkins; C.J. Schofield Sensing of ambient dioxygen levels and appropriate feedback mechanisms are essential processes for all multicellular organisms. In animals, moderate hypoxia causes an increase in the transcription levels of specific genes, including those...

... fetal growth retardation placenta pre-eclampsia perfusion hypoxia CNS, central nervous system hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin hPL, human placental lactogen IUGR, intra-uterine growth retardation Biochemical Society Transactions (200 I) Volume 29, part 2 Physiological and pathological...

...-mail Russ.Anthony@Colostate.edu ) 13 12 2000 © 2001 Biochemical Society 2001 angiogenesis hypoxia intrauterine growth restriction placental lactogen transcription Ang, angiopoietin AP, activator protein bHLH, basis helix-loop-helix CSEn, chorionic somatomammotropin gene enhancer...