...Philipp Pieroh; Gerd Birkenmeier; Faramarz Dehghani MG (methylglyoxal) is an inevitable metabolite derived from glycolysis leading to protein modification, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. The ubiquitous glyoxalase system detoxifies MG under GSH consumption by mean of Glo1 (glyoxalase I...

... ). 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 8 1 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 anxiety copy number variation gene expression glyoxalase methylglyoxal tumour The glyoxalase system consists...

.... These effects are likely to be mediated through the regulation of MG (methylglyoxal) by Glo1, as MG acts as a competitive partial agonist at GABA A (γ-aminobutyric acid A) receptors. Thus modulation of MG by Glo1 represents a novel target for treatment. In the present article, we evaluate the therapeutic...

...Paul J. Thornalley; Naila Rabbani Methylglyoxal and glyoxal are endogenous α-oxoaldehyde metabolites and substrates of the glyoxalase system. These and related α-oxoaldehydes are often determined in cell, tissue and body fluid samples by derivatization with 1,2-diaminobenzene and similar compounds...

... alone cannot explain the development and progression of DN. Recently it has been shown that the endogenous reactive metabolite MG (methylglyoxal), elevated as a consequence of reduced Glo1 (glyoxalase I), can contribute to the gain of function via post-translational modification of neuronal ion channels...

... principles and alternative glyoxalase functions. evolution glyoxalase methylglyoxal parasite protist structure–function relationship Last year was the centennial of the discovery by Neuberg, Dakin and Dudley of an often neglected enzymatic activity: the conversion of methylglyoxal (CH 3...

...Naila Rabbani; Fozia Shaheen; Attia Anwar; Jinit Masania; Paul J. Thornalley Glyoxalase- and methylglyoxal-related research has required the development of quantitative and reliable techniques for the measurement of methylglyoxal-derived glycation adducts of protein and DNA. There are also other...

..., photosynthetic organisms are exposed to the danger of RCs produced in sugar metabolism during both respiration and photosynthesis. RCs such as methylglyoxal and acrolein have toxic effects on the photosynthetic activity of higher plants and cyanobacteria. These toxic effects are assumed to occur uniquely...

... activity, as recent studies have elucidated that AGEs and their major precursor, MG (methylglyoxal), may have an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture. MG can be detoxified by Glo1 (glyoxalase I), thereby preventing the accumulation of MG and MG-derived AGEs...

...Makoto Arai; Naomi Nihonmatsu-Kikuchi; Masanari Itokawa; Naila Rabbani; Paul J. Thornalley Glyoxalase I catalyses the isomerization of the hemithioacetal formed non-enzymatically from methylglyoxal and glutathione to S - D -lactoylglutathione. The activity of glyoxalase I is conventionally measured...

...Fozia Shaheen; Anatoly Shmygol; Naila Rabbani; Paul J. Thornalley MG (methylglyoxal) is a potent glycating agent and an endogenous reactive dicarbonyl metabolite formed in all live cells and organisms. It is an important precursor of AGEs (advanced glycation end-products) and is implicated in aging...

... of enzymatic defence against dicarbonyl glycation, particularly by endogenous methylglyoxal, now seems secure. We are now in an era of investigation of the regulation of the glyoxalase system where a role in aging and disease, physiological stress and drug resistance and development of healthier foods and new...

... is a primary cause of deregulated heart function. Toxic by-products of non-enzymatic glycolysis, mainly methylglyoxal, have been shown to contribute to the endothelial cell damage. Methylglyoxal is a precursor for advanced glycation end-products, and, although it is detoxified by the glyoxalase system...

... cells. MG (methylglyoxal) is directly toxic to tissues, and is a major precursor of AGEs (advanced glycation end-products). Various propensities to diabetic complications are seen among individuals with diabetes, with accelerated rates occurring in some individuals with modest hyperglycaemia, while...

... of the glyoxalase pathway predicts that pharmacological levels of increased Glo1 activity markedly decrease cellular methylglyoxal and related glycation, and pharmacological Glo1 inhibition markedly increases cellular methylglyoxal and related glycation. Glo1 inducers are in development to sustain healthy aging...

...Mingzhan Xue; Naila Rabbani; Paul J. Thornalley The glyoxalase system is an important component of the enzymatic defence against glycation, preventing particularly quantitatively and functionally important glycation of protein and DNA by methylglyoxal. Expression of genes encoding Glo1 (glyoxalase...

...Naila Rabbani; Paul J. Thornalley Methylglyoxal is a potent protein-glycating agent. It is an arginine-directed glycating agent and often modifies functionally important sites in proteins. Glycation forms mainly MG-H1 [ N δ -(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine] residues. MG-H1 content...

...A. Ponces Freire; A. Ferreira; R. Gomes; C. Cordeiro Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an outstanding cellular model for metabolic studies in glycation. Due to its high glycolytic activity, it produces methylglyoxal, a highly reactive intracellular glycation agent, at a rate of approx. 0.1...

...-glycolyldeoxycytidine) derived from glyoxal, dG-MG {6,7-dihydro-6,7-dihydroxy-6-methylimidazo-[2,3-b]purine-9(8)one}, dG-MG 2 [ N 2 ,7-bis-(1-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)deoxyguanosine] and CEdG [ N 2 -(1-carboxyethyl)deoxyguanosine] derived from methylglyoxal, and dG-3DG [ N 2 -(1-oxo-2,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexyl)deoxyguanosine...

... 2003 © 2003 Biochemical Society 2003 advanced glycation end product (AGE) carbonyl stress 3-deoxyglucosone glucose degradation product methylglyoxal uraemia Abbreviations used: AGE, advanced glycation end product; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products; HD...

... spontaneously from α-oxoaldehyde and GSH, to S -2-hydroxyacylglutathione derivatives [RCOCH(OH)-SG→RCH(OH)CO-SG], and in so doing decreases the steady-state concentrations of physiological α-oxoaldehydes and associated glycation reactions. Physiological substrates of glyoxalase I are methylglyoxal, glyoxal...

..., have been identified. We have observed significant increases in production of the α-oxoaldehydes methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone in three human populations with biopsy-proven progression of nephropathy. The increase in methylglyoxal could be secondary to defects in downstream glycolytic enzymes...

... profiles and to modify therapeutic strategy accordingly. advanced glycation end product (AGE) complications diabetes mellitus glycation methylglyoxal polymorphism Abbreviations used: AGE, advanced glycation end products; RAGE, receptor of AGEs. 1364 Biochemical Society Transactions...

... formation of the very reactive dicarbonyl compound MGO (methylglyoxal), one of the side-products of glycolysis, and MGO-derived AGEs seem to be implicated in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Although the exact role of MGO and MGO adducts in the development of vascular complications...