... system lncrna microRNA Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a sort of non-coding RNA that have the length greater than 200 nt with a mRNA-like structure, containing a polyA tail and a promoter, and work in conjunction with transcription factor. The lncRNAs’ sequence is low in conservation...

.... In recent years, attention has moved from protein-coding genes to non-coding genes, such as microRNAs (miRNA). There is increasing evidence that these non-coding RNAs are playing roles during embryogenesis by regulating the expression of protein-coding genes. In this review, we give an introduction...

...Kirsten Riches-Suman MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that target messenger RNAs for degradation. miR-145 is a vascular-enriched microRNA that is important for smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation. Under healthy circumstances, SMC exist in a contractile, differentiated phenotype promoted...

... significance of this pathway in health and disease. Several works suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) transfer through TNTs in mammalian cells ( Table 1 ). In one study, the K7M2 osteosarcoma cell line transfected with fluorescence-labeled miR-19a showed TNT-dependent transfer to untransfected K7M2 cells...

...Jiawei Zhang; Dandan Li; Rui Zhang; Peng Gao; Rongxue Peng; Jinming Li The role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, together with the possibility of detecting microRNA in the circulation, makes miR-21 a potential biomarker for noninvasive detection. In this review, we summarize...

... by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) . enzyme mechanism of action microRNA MSC exosome proteome The use of MSCs as therapeutics was initially rationalized on their large in vitro...

... based on their size or function. Two of the more well-known and widely studied ncRNA species are microRNAs (miRNAs) and lncRNAs. These are regulatory RNAs and their altered expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. Failure to express a functional cystic fibrosis...

...David Mellis; Andrea Caporali MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides, which have increasingly been recognized as potent post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. MiRNA targeting is defined by the complementarities between positions 2–8 of miRNA 5′-end...

... gene regulation. CDS, coding sequence. cancer microRNA noncoding RNAs The concept of ‘junk DNA’, i.e. regions of genomic DNA that lack protein-coding capacity and are thus thought to have no functional relevance, has long been a contested topic in biology. In recent years, advances...

...]. Additional ncRNAs, such as TUG1 and the miR-17–92 cluster, support angiogenesis. In the final phase, relatively large metastases populate a set of target organs characteristic of the primary tumour [step 10]. cancer growth factor microRNA non-coding RNA signal transduction While...

... illustrates examples of datasets where potentially novel ETC:miRNA interactions have been identified. eukaryotic gene expression metabolic regulation microRNA mitochondrial respiration RNA-binding proteins The control of metabolic homeostasis is central to maintaining the physiological...

...Catherine L. Jopling Most metazoan miRNAs (microRNAs) bind to sites in the 3′-UTRs (untranslated regions) of mRNA targets and negatively regulate protein synthesis. The liver-specific miR - 122 , however, exerts a positive effect on HCV (hepatitis C virus) RNA levels by binding directly to a site...

...P. Laporte; F. Merchan; B.B. Amor; S. Wirth; M. Crespi npcRNA (non-protein-coding RNAs) are an emerging class of regulators, so-called riboregulators, and include a large diversity of small RNAs [miRNAs (microRNAs)/siRNAs (small interfering RNAs)] that are involved in various developmental...

... correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 11 6 2007 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Biochemical Society 2007 Bcl-2 B-lymphocyte chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) microRNA murine model T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma-1 (Tcl-1) CLL (chronic...

...P. Keller; N. Vollaard; J. Babraj; D. Ball; D.A. Sewell; J.A. Timmons We predict that RNA level regulation is as diverse and powerful as protein level regulation when considering physiological adaptation. Non-coding RNA molecules, such as miRNAs (microRNAs), have emerged as a powerful mechanism...