... alternative to the nerve graft. 7 1 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 adipose-tissue-derived stem cell angiogenesis muscle atrophy neuroprotection neurotrophic factor regeneration Angiogenesis has long been recognized as being critical...

... have multiple physiological roles including involvement in learning and memory, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. They have also been implicated in the pathology of, or perhaps protective responses to, neurodegenerative diseases. This is particularly the case...

... proliferation, indicating a critical role for both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors in the proliferation of NSC via IL-1 signalling pathways. Thus the endocannabinoid system, which has neuroprotective and immunomodulatory actions mediated by IL-1 signalling cascades in the brain, could assist the process...

.... 2002 4 1 13 21 Bell K.F. Al-Mubarak B. Fowler J.H. Baxter P.S. Gupta K. Tsujita T. Chowdhry S. Patani R. Chandran S. Horsburgh K. Mild oxidative stress activates Nrf2 in astrocytes, which contributes to neuroprotective ischemic preconditioning Proc...

... ]. Consequently one neuroprotective approach would be to block cell-to-cell spreading. Further understanding of the mechanisms by which cells take up tau aggregates is needed. Several treatment strategies based on current understanding of tau neurotoxicity have reached clinical trials. These treatments...

... trauma such as ischaemia and traumatic brain injury, as well as certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease. However, normal physiological patterns of NMDA receptor activity can promote neuroprotection against both apoptotic and excitotoxic insults. As a result, NMDA receptor blockade...

...) and motor learning parameters (which are thought to be dependent on mesolimbocortical reward signalling) within the same task has revealed some surprising consequences of dopamine lesions and neuroprotective/neuroreparative approaches to repair in rat models of Parkinson's disease. The data generated using...

... element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) excitotoxicity neuroprotection N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) In contrast with the deleterious effects of excessive NMDAR activity, physiological patterns of synaptic NMDAR activity actually promote neuronal survival. Elimination of NMDAR...

...W.-R. Schäbitz; M. Fisher After years of setbacks, the perspective of neuroprotective stroke therapy has revived in light of recent study results. We outline in this review how a neuroprotective candidate drug should be developed, beginning with a thorough preclinical evaluation according...

... ]. The approach to the CT (computed tomography) scan is to exclude any patients with haemorrhage or mass lesions from thrombolysis treatment. The focus is on vascular lesions as well as on early ischaemic changes. animal experiment intracerebral haemorrhage neuroprotection neurovascular imaging...

...T. Yamashita; K. Deguchi; K. Sawamoto; H. Okano; T. Kamiya; K. Abe Possible strategies for treating ischaemic stroke include: (i) neuroprotection (preventing damaged neurons from undergoing apoptosis in the acute phase of cerebral ischaemia), and (ii) neurosupplementation (the repair of broken...

...M.D. Ginsberg; Y.Y. Palesch; M.D. Hill; for the ALIAS Trialists High-dose human ALB (albumin) therapy is highly neuroprotective in animal models of ischaemic stroke. A recently completed 82-subject pilot-phase dose-escalation trial has shown that ALB is safe, with strong preliminary suggestions...

...C.-Z. Lu; B.-G. Xiao In several experimental studies of cerebral ischaemia, G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) exerted neuroprotective effects through different mechanisms, including mobilization of haemopoietic stem cells, anti-apoptosis, neuronal differentiation, angiogenesis and anti...

...S.L. Stevens; M.P. Stenzel-Poore Ischaemic tolerance in the brain is a powerful adaptive defence that involves an endogenous programme of neuroprotection culminating in marked protection against brain injury from ischaemia. A range of preconditioning stimuli exist that differ in ligand and target...

...Y. Sun; S.P.H. Alexander; D.A. Kendall; A.J. Bennett Cannabinoids have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, which were proposed to occur mainly via activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor CB 1 (cannabinoid receptor 1). Recently, certain cannabinoids have been...

... as a neuroprotective agent in cerebral ischaemia. Fibrates and other non-fibrate PPARα activators as well as thiazolidinediones and other non-thiazolidinedione PPARγ agonists have been demonstrated to induce both preventive and acute neuroprotection. This neuroprotective effect involves both cerebral and vascular...

... of a mechanism preventing ROS production. UCP2 could therefore be involved in protecting the brain against oxidative stress. The involvement of UCP2 in neuroprotection is also consistent with the recent observation that kainic acid, which promotes Ca 2+ uptake in the glutamate-activated neurons...