... been shown capable of inhibiting PHD1–3 as well as a number of histone demethylases, although the biological role of these findings is unknown [ 37–39 ]. disease hydroxylation hypoxia nutrient sensing oxygenase post translational modification Beyond the HIF hydroxylases, the extent...

... kinase (MAPK) nutrient sensing target of rapamycin (TOR) transceptor AA transporters are required to deliver AAs to intracellular AA sensors such as those of the TOR and GCN2 signalling pathways and may also operate subtly at various levels (as éminences grises , or ‘powers behind the throne...

... transcription factor nutrient sensing receptor-activated proteolysis Saccharomyces cerevisiae SPS-sensing pathway A fundamental problem in biology is how cells respond to discrete environmental signals and make appropriate adjustments in the patterns of gene expression. Yeast and mammalian cells...

... 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration. Recently, it has become clear that multiple types of local nutrient-sensing mechanisms have an impact on cellular insulin-sensitivity through the downstream kinase TOR (target of rapamycin). In vivo analysis in flies has surprisingly highlighted PATs ( p roton...

... ). 5 11 2006 © 2007 The Biochemical Society 2007 cancer cell polarity diabetes Drosophila lipogenesis nutrient sensing Activated Akt can diffuse from the cell surface into the cytoplasm and nucleus, but the functions of these latter pools have only recently started...

..., modulators of the GPR43 receptor might have therapeutic use in the treatment of numerous metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus and obesity. diabetes fatty acid G-protein-coupled receptor GPR40 family nutrient sensing obesity Fatty acids serve vital functions as sources of energy...

... (email [email protected] ). 17 9 2004 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 amino acid nutrient sensing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ssy1 transporter-like sensor In further detailed studies of the in vivo significance of ligand–receptor interactions in this system, we believe...

... it is becoming evident that the gut epithelium senses and responds to luminal nutrients, little is known about the nature of the nutrient sensing molecule and the downstream cellular events. A prototype example is the modulation in the capacity of the gut to absorb monosaccharides via the intestinal luminal...