...John E. Walker The ATP synthases are multiprotein complexes found in the energy-transducing membranes of bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria. They employ a transmembrane protonmotive force, Δ p , as a source of energy to drive a mechanical rotary mechanism that leads to the chemical synthesis...

... hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) nitrate reductase (nar) protonmotive force Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is the direct coupling of ammonium and nitrite under anoxic conditions to form dinitrogen gas: The anammox reaction is associated with a considerable release of Gibbs free...

... we found a nucleotide-sensitive conductance pathway whose ‘break-point’, the protonmotive force at which conductance suddenly increased, could be subtly modulated by free fatty acids. The nucleotide-binding site on the outer face of the inner membrane was characterized and identified by photoaffinity...