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Keywords: signal transduction
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Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (4): 1695–1709.
Published: 20 July 2021
... receptors agonists G-protein-coupled receptors G-proteins signal transduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are currently the most successfully targeted superfamily of receptors in modern medicine [ 1 ]. GPCRs are classified into five main families; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Frizzled/Taste...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (2): 675–683.
Published: 16 April 2021
... dimerization hippo pathway protein kinases SARAH domain signal transduction The Hippo pathway was originally discovered in Drosophila from genetic screens designed to identify pathways the regulate tissue overgrowth [ 1–3 ]. These screens revealed that the inactivation of genes termed Wrts, Hpo...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (2): 441–449.
Published: 22 April 2020
... and lipidation of other proteins. Examples include the kinases Akt1, CDK5 and GSK3β, the phosphatases calcineurin, PP2A and PHLPP, and the ubiquitin E3-ligase SKP2. The impact of FKBP51 on PTMs of signal transduction proteins significantly extends the functional versatility of this protein. As a stress-induced...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (1): 51–64.
Published: 15 February 2017
... of ncRNAs, especially lncRNAs, in cancer progression, with an emphasis on the tumour micro-environment, growth factors and signal transduction pathways. The reader is directed to another review dealing with the roles played by ncRNAs in cancer progression [ 10 ]. Figure 1. Roles for ncRNAs...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (1): 37–49.
Published: 15 February 2017
... protein–serine–threonine kinases signal transduction More than 20 years ago, a serine/threonine kinase required for correct spindle formation was identified in Drosophila and named ‘aurora’ based on the phenotype of dispersed and asymmetric astral microtubules found in hypomorphic mutants [ 1...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (1): 237–249.
Published: 15 February 2017
... modifications, and interactions. The cell co-ordinates these molecular events, on thousands of cellular proteins, in concert with environmental and physiological cues to fine-tune epigenetics, transcription, translation, signal transduction, cell cycle, and metabolism. The cellular stress response...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (5): 1441–1454.
Published: 19 October 2016
... Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2016 cancer immunotherapy signal transduction transforming growth factor-β tumor biology Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a ubiquitously expressed cytokine that mediates or regulates a wide spectrum of biological processes...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (4): 1135–1141.
Published: 15 August 2016
...). published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2016 activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) bone morphogenetic protein 10 (BMP10) BMP receptor type II (BMPR-II) endothelial cell signal transduction The endothelial bone...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (2): 452–459.
Published: 11 April 2016
... 10.1083/jcb.142.4.963 9722609 calcium endoplasmic reticulum (ER) inositol 1 4 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) redox-dependent regulation sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ transport ATPase (SERCA) signal transduction © 2016 Authors...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (1): 88–93.
Published: 09 February 2016
...-linked N -acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase post-translational modification protein structure signal transduction Protein O-linked N -acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) post-translational modification is characterized by the attachment of N -acetylglucosamine moieties to serine...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (1): 273–278.
Published: 09 February 2016
...-kinase signal transduction ubiquitin Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumour suppressor protein which dephosphorylates the cellular lipid signal phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P 3 or PIP 3 ) acting in direct opposition to the class I...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (6): 1773–1779.
Published: 17 November 2014
... be addressed (email [email protected] ). 12 8 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 guanylate cyclase interleukin receptor-associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) kinase phytosulfokine receptor 1 (PSKR1) signal transduction Figure 3 IRAK3 has...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (6): 1506–1511.
Published: 17 November 2014
.... 1 email [email protected] 17 7 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 actin cell polarity microtubule protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction T-cell T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement of cognate peptide–major histocompatibility...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (6): 1538–1542.
Published: 17 November 2014
...) lipid signalling signal transduction Protein kinase Cs (PKCs) are ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinases that are instrumental in many important cell functions, including apoptosis, survival, differentiation, the immune response, regulation of cytoskeleton and exo- as well as endo...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (6): 1484–1489.
Published: 17 November 2014
...Pulak R. Nath; Noah Isakov Protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) is a key enzyme in T-lymphocytes where it plays an important role in signal transduction downstream of the activated T-cell receptor (TCR) and the CD28 co-stimulatory receptor. Antigenic stimulation of T-cells triggers PKCθ translocation...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (6): 1584–1589.
Published: 17 November 2014
... [email protected] ). 13 10 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 angiogenesis big MAPK1 (BMK1) endothelial cell extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction Mitogen...
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Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (2): 284–288.
Published: 20 March 2014
..., cholesterol transport, mechanosensing and signal transduction. Caveolae provide an environment where multiple receptor signalling components are sequestered, clustered and compartmentalized for efficient signal transduction. Many of these receptors, including cytokine signal transducer gp130 (glycoprotein 130...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (1): 89–94.
Published: 29 January 2013
...-hydroxytryptamine) receptors and its role in the regulation of receptor functions. 11 9 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) palmitoylation serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) signal transduction Cellular as well...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (2): 506–511.
Published: 22 March 2011
... molecular recognition at the cell surface and subsequent signal transduction processes central to the generation of an efficient immune response. Tetraspanins, both immune-cell-specific, such as CD37, and ubiquitously expressed, such as CD81, have been shown to be imp-ortant in both innate and adaptive...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 189–194.
Published: 19 January 2011
...Martha Radchenko; Mike Merrick P II proteins are one of the most widely distributed signal transduction proteins in Nature, being ubiquitous in bacteria, archaea and plants. They act by protein–protein interaction to control the activities of a wide range of enzymes, transcription factors...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (4): 928–933.
Published: 26 July 2010
.... Despite the obvious and significant differences between these quite different physicochemical stimuli, the result is the same: the stressosome is phosphorylated by a key kinase to initiate the σ B cascade. The phosphorylation of the stressosome initiates a signal transduction system that up-regulates...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (2): 583–587.
Published: 22 March 2010
... of floral meristems, among other functions. A major goal is to understand SUB-mediated signal transduction at the molecular level. Present evidence suggests that SUB affects neighbouring cells in a non-cell-autonomous fashion. In addition, our results indicate that SUB is an atypical, or kinase-dead, kinase...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (6): 1254–1259.
Published: 19 November 2009
... [email protected] ). 5 8 2009 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 angiogenesis big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (BMK1) endothelial cell extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (6): 1167–1170.
Published: 19 November 2009
... and smoking. As circulating monocytes express functionally active VEGFR-1 (VEGF receptor 1) on their surface, monocytes and the related VEGFR-1-mediated signal transduction cascades have come into focus. The function of monocytes is negatively affected by diabetes mellitus, resulting in monocyte dysfunction...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (4): 873–876.
Published: 22 July 2009
...) signal transduction IL (interleukin)-4 and IL-13 are pleiotropic cytokines with key roles in the pathogenesis of asthma and other atopic diseases. They induce VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) on vascular endothelium and thus direct the migration of T-lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (6): 1448–1451.
Published: 19 November 2008
...-mediated inhibition of STAT5 activation by competing for shared binding sites [ 9 ]. cytokine receptor mammalian protein–protein interaction trap (MAPPIT) signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signal transduction suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) Toll-like receptor...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (2): 229–234.
Published: 20 March 2008
... compilation © 2008 Biochemical Society 2008 cell adhesion integrin Rap1 signal transduction talin thrombosis Figure 2 Connecting agonist stimulation to integrin activation Depicted are core connections between agonists and integrins. Agonist receptors (e.g. G-protein-coupled receptors...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34 (4): 502–503.
Published: 21 July 2006
... heart failure phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) signal transduction PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) are best known as a family of lipid and protein kinases involved in a large variety of cellular functions, ranging from regulation of metabolism, proliferation...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (6): 1323–1326.
Published: 26 October 2005
... © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 biosensor cAMP cell imaging fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) protein kinase A signal transduction cAMP is a ubiquitous second messenger that mediates the action of various hormones and neurotransmitters and influences many cell...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 649–651.
Published: 01 August 2005
... Society 2005 cell cycle RhoE Rho GTPase phosphorylation signal transduction The Rho family of proteins is part of the Ras superfamily of GTPases. There are 22 members of the Rho family in humans, of which the best characterized are Rho (A, B and C), Rac (1, 2 and 3) and Cdc42. Paralogues...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (2): 354–357.
Published: 01 April 2005
... (email [email protected] ). 1 11 2004 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 glucose uptake insulin insulin resistance kinase signal transduction skeletal muscle Type II diabetes Insulin resistance is defined as a failure to respond to normal concentrations...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (1): 97–101.
Published: 01 February 2005
... the signal to a response regulator, which in turn controls transcription of the hydrogenase genes. hydrogen metabolism molecular hydrogen Ralstonia eutropha regulatory hydrogenase regulatory hydrogenase–HoxJ complex signal transduction 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (1): 170–172.
Published: 01 February 2005
...A. Javelle; M. Merrick Ammonium transport proteins belonging to the Amt family are ubiquitous in prokaryotes. In Escherichia coli , the AmtB protein and the associated P II signal transduction protein (GlnK) have recently been recognized as an ammonium sensory system that effectively couples...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (1): 152–156.
Published: 01 February 2005
... in Azotobacter vinelandii integrates the signals of redox, fixed-nitrogen and carbon status to regulate nif transcription. Multidomain signalling interactions between NifL and NifA are modulated by redox changes, ligand binding and interaction with the signal-transduction protein GlnK. Under adverse redox...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (5): 781–784.
Published: 26 October 2004
...) signal transduction Vav Stimulation of the BCR (B-cell antigen receptor) results in the activation of protein tyrosine kinases and the recruitment of scaffold proteins leading to the assembly of a multiprotein complex, termed a signalsome. This complex regulates major signalling events...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (6): 1075–1077.
Published: 26 October 2004
... reported work may suggest a possible role for Sab in targeting JNK to this subcellular compartment and/or mediating crosstalk between different signal-transduction pathways. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 5 7 2004 © 2004...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (6): 1118–1121.
Published: 26 October 2004
...) protein signal transduction Figure 1 Structure and function of L-selectin ( A ) Structure of L-selectin. All the selectins have similar extracellular domains. E- and P-selectin have 6 and 9 sequence consensus repeats respectively, whereas L-selectin has only two. One possible reason...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (1): 65–69.
Published: 01 February 2004
... evidence suggests that transient changes in cholesterol content may be important in regulating signal transduction. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 44th International Conference on the Bioscience of Lipids, a meeting held at Keble College, Oxford, 7–11...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (6): 1198–1202.
Published: 01 December 2003
.... However, the precise signal transduction mechanism by which AngII transactivates EGFR/ErbB1 and whether other ErbBs are also required for AngII function remains unclear. Recent studies suggest an involvement of a metalloprotease-dependent ErbB family ligand production in the transactivation. Here, we...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (6): 1488–1490.
Published: 01 December 2003
... of Sheffield, 21 July 2003 10 July 2003 © 2003 Biochemical Society 2003 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) proteomics signal transduction small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor surrogate marker two-dimensional electrophoresis Abbreviations used: SMTKI, small-molecule...
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Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (6): 1462–1471.
Published: 01 December 2003
... and that at least one mechanism for dealing with this heterogeneity is the assembly of signal transduction components into large multiprotein complexes. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). Unravelling Nature's Networks a Biochemical Society Focused Meeting held...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (6): 1281–1285.
Published: 01 December 2003
... training insulin sensitivity phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signal transduction tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) Abbreviations used: Grb2, growth-factor-receptor-bound protein 2; GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; IL, interleukin; IRS-1, insulin receptor substrate-1; MAPK, mitogen...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (3): 643–647.
Published: 01 June 2003
...L.A.J. O'Neill Signal-transduction pathways activated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been the subject of intense investigation because of the key role played by TLRs in the recognition and elimination of microbes. Signalling is initiated by a domain termed the Toll/interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (3): 648–651.
Published: 01 June 2003
... Society Focused Meeting held at Novartis, Horsham, 3 February 2003 20 January 2003 © 2003 Biochemical Society 2003 bacterial infection fruit fly innate immunity signal transduction Abbreviations used: PRR, pattern recognition receptor; TLR, Toll-like receptor; LPS...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (3): 637–642.
Published: 01 June 2003
..., a Biochemical Society Focused Meeting held at Novartis, Horsham, 3 February 2003 10 February 2003 © 2003 Biochemical Society 2003 immune response interleukin interferon Myd88 signal transduction Toll-like receptor (TLR) Abbreviations used: TLR, Toll-like receptor; IL-1(R...
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Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (1): 281–285.
Published: 01 February 2003
... B-cell receptor B-lymphocyte Fc receptor phosphatase signal transduction Abbreviations used: BCR, B-cell antigen receptor; BM, bone marrow; [Ca 2+ ] i , intracellular calcium concentration; ERK, extracellular signal-related protein kinase; FcR, Fc receptor; IL, interleukin; IMDM...
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Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (6): 831–835.
Published: 01 November 2001
... 2001 © 2001 Biochemical Society 2001 apoptosis toxicity xenobiotic genetic disease signal transduction SPT, serine palmitoyltransferase Enzymes that Regulate Lipid Metabolism in Cell Signalling Regulation of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis and the toxic consequences of its...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (6): 860–863.
Published: 01 November 2001
...P. J. Parker; S. J. Parkinson Protein kinase cascades feature in many signal transduction pathways. For those discussed here, a single upstream protein kinase appears to be responsible for the control of multiple downstream targets. So how is specificity introduced into these events...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (4): 494–499.
Published: 01 August 2001
... in normal signal transduction and in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, such as cancer. Here we describe the functional roles of the caveolin gene family and summarize the evidence that supports a role for caveolae as mediators of a number of cellular signalling processes, including apoptosis...