...Clara I. McCarthy; Ege T. Kavalali Recent studies suggest an exquisite structural nano-organization within single synapses, where sites of evoked fusion — marked by clustering of synaptic vesicles, active zone proteins and voltage-gated calcium channels — are directly juxtaposed to postsynaptic...

[email protected] ). 5 9 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) glutamate receptor N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) palmitoylation PDZ domain synapse Glutamate receptors...

...Alexandros Poulopoulos Synapses between nerve cells in the mammalian brain are not only extremely numerous but also very diverse with respect to their structural and functional characteristics. This heterogeneity arises despite the fact that a set of common basic protein ‘building blocks’ is shared...

... cognitive functions. This pathology is defined by abnormally shaped synapses in which the postsynaptic membrane modifies its curvature and potentially engulfs the juxtaposed presynaptic membrane. Using the intrahippocampally injected ME7 prion model, we further detailed the structural alterations...

...Catherine M. Cowan; Francis Chee; David Shepherd; Amritpal Mudher Axonal microtubules are essential for transport of materials to the synapse. Compromised microtubules and synaptic loss have been demonstrated in AD (Alzheimer's disease), which is believed to contribute to cognitive dysfunction...

... Society 2006 α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) allosteric protein calcium sensor protein that interacts with protein C-kinase 1 (PICK1) synapse Learning and memory involve long-term changes at central nervous system synapses. AMPARs [AMPA (α-amino-3...

...F.A. Stephenson The fidelity of synaptic function is dependent on the expression of the appropriate neurotransmitter receptor subtype, the targeting and trafficking of receptors to synapses as well as the regulation of the actual number of receptors at synapses. GABA A (γ-aminobutyric acid type...

... properly. Understanding the molecular architecture of functional glutamatergic synapses is therefore an important challenge in neurobiology. To address this question, we combine the techniques of genetics, molecular biology and electrophysiology in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . To date, genetic...

... The Biochemical Society 2006 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email V.M.O'[email protected] ). genetic disease model organism molecular determinant protein misfolding synapse synaptic function The Biochemical Society focused meeting ‘Molecular Determinants of Synaptic...

...S.G.N. Grant Synapse proteomics has recently resulted in a quantum leap in knowledge of the protein composition of brain synapses and its phosphorylation. We now have the first draft picture of the synapse, comprising ∼1000 proteins. This is not matched by available methods of functional analysis...

...P.C. Salinas The formation of functional synapses requires a proper dialogue between incoming axons and their future synaptic targets. As axons approach their target, they are instructed to slow down and remodel to form proper presynaptic terminals. Although significant progress has been made...

...R.J. Wenthold; N. Sans; S. Standley; K. Prybylowski; R.S. Petralia The N -methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays a central role at excitatory synapses where it has been implicated in multiple functions associated with synaptic plasticity. While this receptor has been intensely studied...

...J.-M. Fritschy; C. Schweizer; I. Brünig; B. Lüscher Postsynaptic clustering of GABA A (type A γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors is essential to ensure proper function of GABAergic synapses. This process is initiated during synapse formation and is maintained throughout life. The tubulin-associated...