... Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . cohesin condensin DNA loop extrusion DNA topology SMC complex topoisomerase While the double-helical structure of DNA offers remarkable stability, it also imposes a challenge: any local changes in its...

... simulations. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 2 11 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 atomistic simulation DNA circle minicircle supercoiling topoisomerase Although the role of DNA...

...Ksenia Terekhova; John F. Marko; Alfonso Mondragón Topoisomerases are the enzymes responsible for maintaining the supercoiled state of DNA in the cell and also for many other DNA-topology-associated reactions. Type IA enzymes alter DNA topology by breaking one DNA strand and passing another strand...

... © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 difference topology DNA knot Mu transpososome recombinase tangle topoisomerase The shape of DNA has many fascinating biological consequences. For example, high levels of compaction can lead to DNA knotting (e.g. [ 1...

... ( [email protected] ). 24 1 2013 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 catenane chromatin chromosome DNA knot protein folding recombinase supercoiling topoisomerase The structure and function of DNA and proteins are affected by the topology...

...Jorge B. Schvartzman; María-Luisa Martínez-Robles; Pablo Hernández; Dora B. Krimer DNA topology changes dynamically during DNA replication. Supercoiling, precatenation, catenation and knotting interplay throughout the process that is finely regulated by DNA topoisomerases. In the present article...

... in relaxed or positive DNA may have inhibitory effects on such superstructures [ 8 ]. Consistently, negative supercoiling is an important conformational property of the genome of mesophilic organisms and is maintained by specific mechanisms. Bacteria bear gyrase, a topoisomerase that actively introduces...

... of remarkable enzymes has evolved, which includes translocases, polymerases/replicases, helicases, nucleases, topoisomerases, transposases, recombinases, repair enzymes and ribosomes. An understanding of how these enzymes function is essential if we are to have a clear view of the molecular biology of the cell...

...Andrew D. Bates; Anthony Maxwell Type II DNA topoisomerases catalyse changes in DNA topology in reactions coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. In the case of DNA gyrase, which can introduce supercoils into DNA, the requirement for free energy is clear. However, the non-supercoiling type II enzymes...

...Giuseppe Perugino; Anna Valenti; Anna D'Amaro; Mosè Rossi; Maria Ciaramella Reverse gyrase is a DNA topoisomerase that is peculiar in many aspects: it has the unique ability to introduce positive supercoils into DNA molecules; it comprises a type IA topoisomerase fused to a helicase-like domain...

...A. Maxwell; L. Costenaro; S. Mitelheiser; A.D. Bates Type IIA topos (topoisomerases) catalyse topological conversions of DNA through the passage of one double strand through a transient break in another. In the case of the archetypal enzyme, DNA gyrase, it has always been apparent that the enzyme...

...A.J. Schoeffler; J.M. Berger DNA topos (topoisomerases) are complex, multisubunit enzymes that remodel DNA topology. Members of the type II topo family function by passing one segment of duplex DNA through a transient break in another, a process that consumes two molecules of ATP and requires...

... IA topoisomerase [ 2 ]. Type IA topoisomerases are evolutionarily conserved enzymes that catalyse strand passage of DNA molecules and have also been implicated in HR. We have recently demonstrated that recombinant BLM-hTOPIIIα act together to resolve a synthetic DNA substrate containing a DHJ (double...

.... 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ) 24 10 2000 © 2001 Biochemical Society 2001 cancer genetic recombination RecQ helicase topoisomerase BS, Bloom's syndrome RPA, replication protein A New Frontiers in DNA Repair 23 24 25 26...