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1-22 of 22
Keywords: translation initiation
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Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2025) 53 (03): 593–602.
Published: 23 May 2025
...Assen Marintchev Eukaryotic translation initiation typically involves recruitment of the 43S ribosomal pre-initiation complex (PIC) to the 5′-end of the mRNA to form the 48S PIC, followed by scanning in search of a start codon in a favorable nucleotide complex. The start codon is recognized through...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (3): 1199–1211.
Published: 15 May 2020
... with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society under a transformative agreement with JISC. intellectual disability mRNA decay neurodevelopmental disorders regulation of gene expression translation initiation Intellectual disability (ID) is characterized by significant impairments in cognitive...
Articles
Tuning innate immunity by translation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2015) 43 (6): 1247–1252.
Published: 27 November 2015
... by Portland Press Limited 2015 infection inflammation interferons interleukins translation translation initiation Adequate reprogramming of metabolic activities under environmental stress is crucial for cell survival. Regulation at the level of translation provides the necessary plasticity...
Articles
Mutation of genes controlling mRNA metabolism and protein synthesis predisposes to neurodevelopmental disorders
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2015) 43 (6): 1259–1265.
Published: 27 November 2015
... 2015 © 2015 Authors; published by Portland Press Limited 2015 autism intellectual disability messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) export nonsense-mediated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) decay splicing translation initiation Brain development is a complex and delicate process...
Articles
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by Unr
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2015) 43 (3): 323–327.
Published: 01 June 2015
... apoptosis internal ribosome entry site messenger RNA (mRNA) stability translation initiation upstream of N-ras (Unr) mitosis Unr [upstream of N-ras; also known as CSDE1 (cold shock domain containing E1)] was originally identified as a result of its close proximity to the N- ras gene [ 1...
Articles
Selective mRNA translation in erythropoiesis
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2015) 43 (3): 343–347.
Published: 01 June 2015
... and survival of precursor cells partly through control of mRNA translation. General translation initiation mechanisms can selectively control translation of transcripts that carry specific structures in the UTRs. This selective mRNA translation is an important layer of gene expression regulation...
Articles
eIF4E-binding proteins: new factors, new locations, new roles
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (4): 1238–1245.
Published: 11 August 2014
...Anastasiia Kamenska; Clare Simpson; Nancy Standart The cap-binding translation initiation factor eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) is central to protein synthesis in eukaryotes. As an integral component of eIF4F, a complex also containing the large bridging factor eIF4G and eIF4A RNA helicase...
Articles
mTORC1 regulates the efficiency and cellular capacity for protein synthesis
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (4): 923–926.
Published: 18 July 2013
...Christopher G. Proud mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) is activated by nutrients, growth factors and certain hormones. Signalling downstream of mTORC1 promotes protein synthesis by both activating the processes of translation initiation and elongation, in the short term...
Articles
Translation initiation in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus : eukaryotic features but bacterial route
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (1): 350–355.
Published: 29 January 2013
...Anna La Teana; Dario Benelli; Paola Londei; Udo Bläsi The formation of the translation initiation complex represents the rate-limiting step in protein synthesis. Translation initiation in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus depends on several translation IFs (initiation factors), some of which...
Articles
Adaptation to stress in yeast: to translate or not?
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (4): 794–799.
Published: 20 July 2012
... review, we summarize the impact of stress on translation initiation, highlighting both the similarities and distinctions between various stress responses. Finally, we speculate as to how yeast cells generate stress-responsive programmes of protein production when regulation is focused on the same steps...
Articles
Translation initiation in Archaea: conserved and domain-specific features
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 89–93.
Published: 19 January 2011
... mRNA Sulfolobus solfataricus translation initiation The Archaea, despite being prokaryotes phenotypically, have an unexpectedly elaborate initiation process [ 5 ]. Archaea have at least five IFs: they include homologues of the eukaryotic factors eIF1, eIF1A, eIF2, eIF5B and eIF6 ( Table 1...
Articles
Manipulation of the host translation initiation complex eIF4F by DNA viruses
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (6): 1511–1516.
Published: 24 November 2010
... to interact with host translation initiation factors or complexes and modify their activity and/or subcellular localization. The present review outlines current understanding of the role of eIF4F in the life cycle of various DNA viruses and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target to suppress viral...
Articles
The role of IRES trans -acting factors in regulating translation initiation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (6): 1581–1586.
Published: 24 November 2010
... or maintenance of a cellular programme is mediated via an alternative form of translation initiation termed IRES (internal ribosome entry site)-mediated translation. This relies on the mRNA containing a complex cis -acting structural element in its 5'-UTR (untranslated region) that is able to recruit...
Articles
The different pathways of HIV genomic RNA translation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (6): 1548–1552.
Published: 24 November 2010
... translation initiation of HIV, including the determination of the initiation factors required, the dynamics of initiation complex assembly and the dynamics of the RNA structure during initiation complex formation. Finally, the ability of HIV genomic RNA to initiate translation through different pathways...
Articles
Elucidating mechanistic principles underpinning eukaryotic translation initiation using quantitative fluorescence methods
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (6): 1587–1592.
Published: 24 November 2010
...Abigail L. Stevenson; Pedro P. Juanes; John E.G. McCarthy Eukaryotic translation initiation is an intricate process involving at least 11 formally classified eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors), which, together with the ribosome, comprise one of the largest molecular machines in the cell. Studying...
Articles
Subcellular localization of mRNA and factors involved in translation initiation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (4): 648–652.
Published: 22 July 2008
... and translation initiation factors, and focuses on the potential functions of localized translation initiation factors. That is, as genuine sites for translation initiation, as repositories for factors and mRNA, and as sites of regulation. 10 3 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Biochemical...
Articles
Translational control in early development: CPEB, P-bodies and germinal granules
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (4): 671–676.
Published: 22 July 2008
.... Non-phosphorylated 4E-BPs repress translation initiation as they compete with eIF4G for eIF4E via a shared consensus eIF4E-binding motif, YXXXXLΦ, where X is variable and Φ is any hydrophobic residue [ 1 , 2 ]. The identification of multiple eIF4E proteins in vertebrates, Drosophila [ 3...
Articles
Mechanism of ribosomal subunit joining during eukaryotic translation initiation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (4): 653–657.
Published: 22 July 2008
...Michael G. Acker; Jon R. Lorsch Decades of research have yielded significant insight into the mechanism by which a cell translates an mRNA into the encoded protein. However many of the molecular details of the process remain a mystery. Translation initiation is an important control point in gene...
Articles
Clues to the mechanism of action of eIF2B, the guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor for translation initiation
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (4): 658–664.
Published: 22 July 2008
...-activating proteins). Although G-proteins have structural similarity, GEFs are very diverse proteins. A complex example of this system is seen in eukaryotic translation initiation between eIF (eukaryotic initiation factor) 2, a G-protein, its five-subunit GEF, eIF2B, and its GAP, eIF5. eIF2 delivers Met-tRNA...
Articles
Alternative mechanisms of initiating translation of mammalian mRNAs
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (6): 1231–1241.
Published: 26 October 2005
...R.J. Jackson Of all the steps in mRNA translation, initiation is the one that differs most radically between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Not only is there no equivalent of the prokaryotic Shine–Dalgarno rRNA–mRNA interaction, but also what requires only three initiation factor proteins (aggregate...
Articles
eIF2B, a mediator of general and gene-specific translational control
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Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (6): 1487–1492.
Published: 26 October 2005
... nervous system hypomyelination) or VWM (vanishing white matter disease). This review provides a general background to translation initiation and mechanisms known to control eIF2B function, before describing molecular genetic and biochemical analysis of eIF2B structure and function, integrating work from...
Articles
Translational regulation of the plant S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase
Available to PurchaseC. Hanfrey, M. Franceschetti, M.J. Mayer, C. Illingworth, K. Elliott, M. Collier, B. Thompson, B. Perry, A.J. Michael
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (2): 424–427.
Published: 01 April 2003
... decarboxylase translation initiation upstream open reading frame Abbreviations used: ORF, open reading frame; uORF, upstream ORF; AdoMetDC, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase; CPA1, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase; Met-tRNAi Met , initiator methionine tRNA; AAP, arginine attenuator peptide; GUS...