..., Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. 2 email [email protected] 22 12 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2015 Biochemical Society 2015 eEF2 mRNA translation nutrient protein synthesis synaptic plasticity tumour Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase...

... affects tumour angiogenesis and cancer progression. Revisiting the fundamental biology behind how this integrin regulates tumour growth and angiogenesis, we believe, is the key not only to understanding how angiogenesis is normally co-ordinated, but also in success with drugs directed against it. One...

...Thaned Kangsamaksin; Ian W. Tattersall; Jan Kitajewski The Notch signalling pathway is a key regulator of developmental and tumour angiogenesis. Inhibition of Delta-like 4 (Dll4)-mediated Notch signalling results in hyper-sprouting, demonstrating that Notch regulates tip-stalk cell identity...

...Neil R. Smith; Stephen R. Wedge; Aurelien Pommier; Simon T. Barry There has been significant investment in developing novel therapies to target solid tumour vasculature. Different technical approaches have been utilized with the aim of inhibiting tumour angiogenesis or compromising the function...

... of the current understanding of the formation, functional abnormalities and specific gene expression of glioblastoma vessels and the consequences of vascular abnormalization for the tumour microenvironment. Tumours need access to the circulation to grow beyond the diffusion distance of oxygen [ 8 ]. Similar...

... copy number increase in the human population appears to be approximately 2% and may be linked to a risk of obesity, diabetes and aging. Increased GLO1 copy number has been found in human tumour cell lines and primary human tumours. The minimum common copy number increase region was approximately 1 Mb...

... that partitioning glucose through glycolysis may result in an increased production of glycolytic intermediaries, particularly glucose 6-phosphate, which can be shunted into the PPP (pentose phosphate pathway). In both tumour cells and early embryos, it is unlikely that the supply of substrates for ATP production...

...Monika Baj-Krzyworzeka; Jarosław Baran; Rafał Szatanek; Bożenna Mytar; Maciej Siedlar; Marek Zembala The tumour microenvironment represents a dynamic complex milieu, which includes tumour cells, cells of the immune system and other (cellular and non-cellular) components. The role...

... of cisplatin treatment on microRNA expression, and the ability of microRNAs to modulate cisplatin resistance. 1 email [email protected] 17 5 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2012 Biochemical Society 2012 cisplatin microRNA (miRNA) protein expression tumour...

... than by any one alone. The relative importance of this pathway compared with the others is not known. angiogenesis Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) endothelium Notch therapy tumour Notch signalling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway, which is mediated by cell–cell contact ( Figure 1...

...-glycosylation and tumorigenesis, as changes in tumour environment and cell adhesion are hallmarks of cancer progression. Finally, we demonstrated that expression of wild-type pgant3 in the pgant3 mutant backgrounds can rescue wing integrity ( Figure 1 ). Interestingly, expression of another pgant family...

... in determining the level of ERβ protein expression. We have also shown that these alternative ERβ 5′-UTRs have a tissue-specific distribution and are differentially expressed between various normal and tumour tissues. Our results also suggest that alternative 5′-UTRs can influence downstream splicing events...

...W.-B. Wu; H.-S. Chiang; J.-Y. Fang; C.-F. Hung Tumours are complex tissues composed of both matrix proteins and stromal cells such as fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Tumour progression is often the result of dynamic interactions between the tumour cells and their surroundings. Lycopene...

... various tumour conditions in mice. As predicted, we were able to identify various PKC isoforms to be either up- or down-regulated during the development and progression of certain tumours, implying that these isoforms are substantially linked to the biology of these tumours. In order to prove...

... to interact with cells under acidified conditions have also been described recently [ 39 ]. These findings are an important step in the development of tumour-specific stimuli-sensitive drug- and gene-delivery systems. Cell-Penetrating Peptides: A Biochemical Society Focused Meeting held at University...

... or tumour growth. Since the intestine has the highest metabolic activity of all the internal organs, a tumour will initially compete with the gut for nutrients and energy-providing molecules. The polyamines represent a class of molecules where the demand in the body increases during tumour growth. A tumour...

... resistance. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 30 6 2006 © 2006 The Biochemical Society 2006 cell fate forkhead box O (FOXO) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylation tumour The mammalian FOXO family of transcription...

... correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected] ). 17 6 2005 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 cancer stem cell (CSC) haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) leukaemic stem cell (LSC) self-renewal tumour xenotransplantation model The hallmark properties of HSCs...

...J.M. Teodoridis; G. Strathdee; J.A. Plumb; R. Brown Aberrant methylation of CpG islands (CpG-rich regions of DNA associated with the promoters of many genes) is associated with transcriptional inactivation of genes involved in tumour development. Genes involved in key DNA damage response pathways...

... was found in drug-resistant tumour cells and may be an example of an undesirable effect of the enzymatic protection against DNA glycation. Experimental overexpression of glyoxalase I conferred resistance to drug-induced apoptosis. Glyoxalase I-mediated drug resistance was found in human leukaemia and lung...

... Xa and thrombin. These proteases act via protease-activated receptors and tissue factor to alter gene expression, thereby modulating tumour cell growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected] ). 26 11 2001...

...M. E. Maragoudakis; N. E. Tsopanoglou; P. Andriopoulou Clinical, laboratory, histopathological and pharmacological evidence support the notion that a systemic activation of blood coagulation is often present in cancer patients. Additionally, thrombin was shown to promote tumour progression...