... autophagy regulation in plants, with a focus on autophagic degradation of membrane-bound organelles. We also raise some important outstanding questions to be addressed in the future. Other regulators of autophagy during ER stress have been identified. SnRK1 (SNF1-related protein kinase 1) is a protein...

... aggregates when overexpressed. ORF-C4 overexpression and down-regulation do not affect trophozoite viability; however, differentiation into cysts is slightly delayed when the expression of ORF-C4 is down-regulated. In addition, ORF-C4 protein expression is modified under specific stress-inducing conditions...

... inflammation, from keratinocyte activation to the adhesion of leucocytes to dermal capillary ECs. Human adult keratinocytes were subjected to stress by exposure to UV irradiation or neuropeptides, then the conditioned culture medium was used to mimic the natural micro-environmental conditions for dermal ECs...

...) perform a type of intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of the coupling between respiration and phosphorylation, respectively. Expression analyses and functional studies on AOx and PUMP under normal and stress conditions suggest that the physiological role of both systems lies most likely in tuning up...

...Vasily N. Popov; Albert C. Purvis; Vladimir P. Skulachev; Anneke M. Wagner We have investigated the influence of stress conditions such as incubation at 4°C and incubation in hyperoxygen atmosphere, on plant tissues. The ubiquinone (Q) content and respiratory activity of purified mitochondria...