Tumour recurrence following chemotherapy remains a major obstacle to the cure of many cancers. This is exemplified by small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Host-tumour interactions are central to tumour survival and proliferation. We hypothesized that a factor(s) within the local environment of SCLC cells could provide a survival signal or block a death signal, thereby accounting for the protection of SCLC cells from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Here we review recent work undertaken in our laboratory addressing this issue. We have shown that, in vivo, SCLC cells are surrounded by an extensive stroma of extracellular matrix (ECM) at both primary and metastatic sites which contains, among other proteins, fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV. Furthermore, adhesion of SCLC cells to fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV through β1 integrins enhances tumorigenicity and confers resistance to apoptosis induced by standard chemotherapeutic agents, including etoposide, cis-platinum and adriamycin. Adhesion to ECM proteins stimulated protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity in both untreated and etoposide-treated cells. This effect could be completely blocked by a selective PTK inhibitor or by a function-blocking β1 integrin antibody. PTK activation was found to block chemotherapy-induced activation of the death protease caspase-3 and, hence, apoptosis. Adhesion to ECM or treatment with a PTK inhibitor did not affect etoposide inhibition of topoisomerase II. Thus adhesion to ECM through β1 integrins protects SCLC cells from chemotherapy-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis by activating PTK signalling downstream of DNA damage. Survival of tumour cells attached to ECM within this microenvironment could explain the local recurrence of SCLC and other tumours that is often seen clinically after chemotherapy.
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Research Article|
March 12 2002
Extracellular matrix regulation of drug resistance in small-cell lung cancer
Robert C. RINTOUL;
1Centre for Inflammation Research, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, U.K.
Correspondence: Dr R. C. Rintoul (e-mail [email protected]).
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Tariq SETHI
Tariq SETHI
1Centre for Inflammation Research, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, U.K.
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society © 2002
2002
Clin Sci (Lond) (2002) 102 (4): 417–424.
Citation
Robert C. RINTOUL, Tariq SETHI; Extracellular matrix regulation of drug resistance in small-cell lung cancer. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 April 2002; 102 (4): 417–424. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs1020417
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