A reduction in EPC (endothelial progenitor cell) number could explain the development and progression of atherosclerosis in the MetS (metabolic syndrome). Although much research in recent years has focused on the Mediterranean dietary pattern and the MetS, the effect of this diet with/without moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training on EPCs levels and CrF (cardiorespiratory fitness) remains unclear. In the present study, the objective was to assess the effect of a Mediterranean diet hypocaloric model with and without moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training on EPC number and CrF of MetS patients. Thus 45 MetS patients (50–66 years) were randomized to a 12-week intervention with the hypocaloric MeD (Mediterranean diet) or the MeDE (MeD plus moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training). Training included two weekly supervised sessions [80% MaxHR (maximum heart rate); leg and arm pedalling] and one at-home session (65–75% MaxHR; walking controlled by heart rate monitors). Changes in: (i) EPC number [CD34+KDR+ (kinase insert domain-containing receptor)], (ii) CrF variables and (iii) MetS components and IRH (ischaemic reactive hyperaemia) were determined at the end of the study. A total of 40 subjects completed all 12 weeks of the study, with 20 in each group. The MeDE led to a greater increase in EPC numbers and CrF than did the MeD intervention (P≤0.001). In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the increase in EPCs and fitness in the MeDE group (r=0.72; r2=0.52; P≤0.001). Body weight loss, insulin sensitivity, TAGs (triacylglycerols) and blood pressure showed a greater decrease in the MeDE than MeD groups. Furthermore, IRH was only improved after the MeDE intervention. In conclusion, compliance with moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training enhances the positive effects of a model of MeD on the regenerative capacity of endothelium and on the fitness of MetS patients.
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May 29 2012
Moderate-to-high-intensity training and a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet enhance endothelial progenitor cells and fitness in subjects with the metabolic syndrome
Juan Marcelo Fernández;
Juan Marcelo Fernández
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Daniel Rosado-Álvarez;
Daniel Rosado-Álvarez
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Marzo Edir Da Silva Grigoletto;
Marzo Edir Da Silva Grigoletto
‡Andalusian Centre of Sports Medicine, Cordoba, Spain
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Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zúñiga;
Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zúñiga
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Leslie Lorena Landaeta-Díaz;
Leslie Lorena Landaeta-Díaz
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Javier Caballero-Villarraso;
Javier Caballero-Villarraso
§Clinical Analysis Service, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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José López-Miranda;
José López-Miranda
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Francisco Pérez-Jiménez;
Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Francisco Fuentes-Jiménez
*Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
†CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Correspondence: Dr Francisco Fuentes Jiménez (email [email protected]).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
September 13 2011
Revision Received:
April 03 2012
Accepted:
April 10 2012
Accepted Manuscript online:
April 10 2012
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2012 Biochemical Society
2012
Clin Sci (Lond) (2012) 123 (6): 361–373.
Article history
Received:
September 13 2011
Revision Received:
April 03 2012
Accepted:
April 10 2012
Accepted Manuscript online:
April 10 2012
Citation
Juan Marcelo Fernández, Daniel Rosado-Álvarez, Marzo Edir Da Silva Grigoletto, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zúñiga, Leslie Lorena Landaeta-Díaz, Javier Caballero-Villarraso, José López-Miranda, Francisco Pérez-Jiménez, Francisco Fuentes-Jiménez; Moderate-to-high-intensity training and a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet enhance endothelial progenitor cells and fitness in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 September 2012; 123 (6): 361–373. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20110477
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