Obesity increases linearly with age and is associated with impaired vascular endothelial function and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. MRs (mineralocorticoid receptors) contribute to impaired vascular endothelial function in cardiovascular disease; however, their role in uncomplicated human obesity is unknown. Because plasma aldosterone levels are elevated in obesity and adipocytes may be a source of aldosterone, we hypothesized that MRs modulate vascular endothelial function in older adults in an adiposity-dependent manner. To test this hypothesis, we administered MR blockade (eplerenone; 100 mg/day) for 1 month in a balanced randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study to 22 older adults (ten men, 55–79 years) varying widely in adiposity [BMI (body mass index): 20–45 kg/m2], but who were free from overt cardiovascular disease. We evaluated vascular endothelial function [brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation)] via ultrasonography) and oxidative stress (plasma F2-isoprostanes and vascular endothelial cell protein expression of nitrotyrosine and NADPH oxidase p47phox) during placebo and MR blockade. In the whole group, oxidative stress (P>0.05) and FMD did not change with MR blockade (6.39±0.67 compared with 6.23±0.73%; P=0.7). However, individual improvements in FMD in response to eplerenone were associated with higher total body fat (BMI: r=0.45, P=0.02; and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived percentage body fat: r=0.50, P=0.009) and abdominal fat (total: r=0.61, P=0.005; visceral: r=0.67, P=0.002; and subcutaneous: r=0.48, P=0.03). In addition, greater improvements in FMD with eplerenone were related to higher baseline fasting glucose (r=0.53, P=0.01). MRs influence vascular endothelial function in an adiposity-dependent manner in healthy older adults.
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Research Article|
July 25 2013
Mineralocorticoid receptors modulate vascular endothelial function in human obesity
Moon-Hyon Hwang;
Moon-Hyon Hwang
*Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
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Jeung-Ki Yoo;
Jeung-Ki Yoo
*Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
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Meredith Luttrell;
Meredith Luttrell
†Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, U.S.A.
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Han-Kyul Kim;
Han-Kyul Kim
*Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
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Thomas H. Meade;
Thomas H. Meade
‡Department of Cardiology, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, U.S.A.
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Mark English;
Mark English
§Department of Family & Community Medicine, Scott & White Healthcare, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, U.S.A.
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Mark S. Segal;
Mark S. Segal
∥Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
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Demetra D. Christou
*Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
Correspondence: Dr Demetra D. Christou (email [email protected]).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
April 24 2013
Revision Received:
June 12 2013
Accepted:
June 20 2013
Accepted Manuscript online:
June 20 2013
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society
2013
Clin Sci (Lond) (2013) 125 (11): 513–520.
Article history
Received:
April 24 2013
Revision Received:
June 12 2013
Accepted:
June 20 2013
Accepted Manuscript online:
June 20 2013
Citation
Moon-Hyon Hwang, Jeung-Ki Yoo, Meredith Luttrell, Han-Kyul Kim, Thomas H. Meade, Mark English, Mark S. Segal, Demetra D. Christou; Mineralocorticoid receptors modulate vascular endothelial function in human obesity. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 2013; 125 (11): 513–520. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20130200
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