Diets rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation via several mechanisms. These beneficial effects may be due to their high polyphenol content. The aims of the present study are to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic aspects of polyphenols in dried apple peel powder (DAPP) on intestinal inflammation while elucidating the underlying mechanisms and clinical benefits. Induction of intestinal inflammation in mice was performed by oral administration of the inflammatory agent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) at 2.5% for 10 days. Physiological and supraphysiological doses of DAPP (200 and 400 mg/kg/day respectively) were administered by gavage for 10 days pre- and post-DSS treatment. DSS-mediated inflammation caused weight loss, shortening of the colon, dystrophic detachment of the epithelium, and infiltration of mono- and poly-morphonuclear cells in the colon. DSS induced an increase in lipid peroxidation, a down-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, an augmented expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an elevated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and a shift in mucosa-associated microbial composition. However, DAPP normalized most of these abnormalities in preventive or therapeutic situations in addition to lowering inflammatory cytokines while stimulating antioxidant transcription factors and modulating other potential healing pathways. The supraphysiological dose of DAPP in therapeutic situations also improved mitochondrial dysfunction. Relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria was slightly decreased in DAPP-treated mice. In conclusion, DAPP exhibits powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action in the intestine and is associated with the regulation of cellular signalling pathways and changes in microbiota composition. Evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects of DAPP may be clinically feasible in individuals with intestinal inflammatory bowel diseases.
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December 2016
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IL-13 induced actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in human podocytes. Magnification, x60, scale bar, 20μm. For more information please see pp. 2317-2327. Image provided by Chan Chang Yien.
Research Article|
October 31 2016
Apple peel polyphenols: a key player in the prevention and treatment of experimental inflammatory bowel disease
Marie-Claude Denis;
Marie-Claude Denis
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
†Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4
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Denis Roy;
Denis Roy
‡Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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Pantea Rahmani Yeganeh;
Pantea Rahmani Yeganeh
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
†Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4
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Yves Desjardins;
Yves Desjardins
‡Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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Thibault Varin;
Thibault Varin
‡Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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Nour Haddad;
Nour Haddad
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
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Devendra Amre;
Devendra Amre
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
§Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
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Alain Théophile Sané;
Alain Théophile Sané
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
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Carole Garofalo;
Carole Garofalo
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
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Alexandra Furtos;
Alexandra Furtos
║Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4
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Natalie Patey;
Natalie Patey
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
¶Department of Pathology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
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Edgard Delvin;
Edgard Delvin
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
**Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4
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Eric Tremblay;
Eric Tremblay
††Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
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André Marette;
André Marette
‡Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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Jean-François Beaulieu;
Jean-François Beaulieu
††Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
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Emile Levy
*Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
†Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4
‡Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
††Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
Correspondence: Dr Emile Levy (email [email protected]).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
July 12 2016
Revision Received:
September 09 2016
Accepted:
September 14 2016
Accepted Manuscript online:
September 14 2016
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© 2016 The Author(s). published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2016
Clin Sci (Lond) (2016) 130 (23): 2217–2237.
Article history
Received:
July 12 2016
Revision Received:
September 09 2016
Accepted:
September 14 2016
Accepted Manuscript online:
September 14 2016
Citation
Marie-Claude Denis, Denis Roy, Pantea Rahmani Yeganeh, Yves Desjardins, Thibault Varin, Nour Haddad, Devendra Amre, Alain Théophile Sané, Carole Garofalo, Alexandra Furtos, Natalie Patey, Edgard Delvin, Eric Tremblay, André Marette, Jean-François Beaulieu, Emile Levy; Apple peel polyphenols: a key player in the prevention and treatment of experimental inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 2016; 130 (23): 2217–2237. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20160524
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