Oxidative stress is a consequence of up-regulation of pro-oxidant enzyme-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and concomitant depletion of antioxidants. Elevated levels of ROS act as an intermediate and are the common denominator for various diseases including diabetes-associated macro-/micro-vascular complications and hypertension. A range of enzymes are capable of generating ROS, but the pro-oxidant enzyme family, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs), are the only enzymes known to be solely dedicated to ROS generation in the vascular tissues, kidney, aortas and eyes. While there is convincing evidence for a role of NOX1 in vascular and eye disease and for NOX4 in renal injury, the role of NOX5 in disease is less clear. Although NOX5 is highly up-regulated in humans in disease, it is absent in rodents. Thus, so far it has not been possible to study NOX5 in traditional mouse or rat models of disease. In the present review, we summarize and critically analyse the emerging evidence for a pathophysiological role of NOX5 in disease including the expression, regulation and molecular and cellular mechanisms which have been demonstrated to be involved in NOX5 activation.
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May 2017
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Image demonstrates the ultrastructural cortical basement membrane changes in SHRSP brain: accumulation of lipofuscin in pericytes. For further details, see article by Screiber et al in this issue (pages 1001–1013). Image kindly provided by Stefanie Schreiber.
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May 04 2017
The emerging role of NADPH oxidase NOX5 in vascular disease
Jay C. Jha;
Jay C. Jha
1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
2Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Anna M.D. Watson;
Anna M.D. Watson
1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
2Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Geetha Mathew;
Geetha Mathew
1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
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Lisanne C. de Vos;
Lisanne C. de Vos
1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
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Karin Jandeleit-Dahm
1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
2Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Correspondence: Karin Jandeleit-Dahm ([email protected])
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
February 22 2017
Revision Received:
March 14 2017
Accepted:
March 19 2017
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© 2017 The Author(s). published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2017
Clin Sci (Lond) (2017) 131 (10): 981–990.
Article history
Received:
February 22 2017
Revision Received:
March 14 2017
Accepted:
March 19 2017
Citation
Jay C. Jha, Anna M.D. Watson, Geetha Mathew, Lisanne C. de Vos, Karin Jandeleit-Dahm; The emerging role of NADPH oxidase NOX5 in vascular disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 May 2017; 131 (10): 981–990. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20160846
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