Hypertension is a major health problem with great consequences for public health. Despite its role as the primary cause of significant morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease, the pathogenesis of essential hypertension remains largely unknown. The central nervous system (CNS) in general, and the hypothalamus in particular, are intricately involved in the development and maintenance of hypertension. Over the last several decades, the understanding of the brain's role in the development of hypertension has dramatically increased. This brief review is to summarize the neural mechanisms of hypertension with a focus on neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter involvement, highlighting recent findings that suggest that hypothalamic inflammation disrupts key signalling pathways to affect the central control of blood pressure, and therefore suggesting future development of interventional strategies that exploit recent findings pertaining to the hypothalamic control of blood pressure as well as the inflammatory–sympathetic mechanisms involved in hypertension.
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February 2017
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Density-dependent scanning electron microscopy of calcifying vascular tissue (orange - calcification; green - collagen). Please see pp. 181-195 for more information. Image provided by Sergio Bertazzo.
Review Article|
January 05 2017
Hypothalamic and inflammatory basis of hypertension
Sinan Khor;
Sinan Khor
*Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
†Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
‡Institute of Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
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Dongsheng Cai
*Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
†Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
‡Institute of Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
Correspondence: Dongsheng Cai (email [email protected])
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
June 13 2016
Revision Received:
November 07 2016
Accepted:
November 21 2016
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© 2017 The Author(s). published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2017
Clin Sci (Lond) (2017) 131 (3): 211–223.
Article history
Received:
June 13 2016
Revision Received:
November 07 2016
Accepted:
November 21 2016
Citation
Sinan Khor, Dongsheng Cai; Hypothalamic and inflammatory basis of hypertension. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 February 2017; 131 (3): 211–223. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20160001
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