The microbial-mammalian metabolic axis has become recognized as an important component governing the overall homeostatic balance of the mammalian host. Disruption of the state of homeostasis among the gut microbiota has been shown to be causally linked to the development of host metabolic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. This disruption is often referred to as gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis leads to altered metabolic products derived from the microbiota and these in turn, typically shift the homeostatic metabolic balance of the host towards a low-grade chronic inflammation, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. The primary objective of this review is to examine and discuss some very current research that has been done to study the effect of bacterial metabolites on host metabolism, sometimes referred to as microbiota-host co-metabolism. The metabolic conditions reviewed here include obesity, a known risk factor for all of the other metabolic conditions, as well as, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Only by further understanding the cause and result of gut dysbiosis will an adequate solution be found for metabolic disease, a viewpoint shared by many.
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April 2018
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A representation of the intestinal microflora. In Clinical Science volume 132 (issue 7), Rajani and Jia review recent research on the effect of bacterial metabolites on host metabolism (microbiota-host co-metabolism) associated with conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (pages 791-811). Then, in issue 8, Lezutekong et al. (pages 901-904) provide a commentary on a recent research by Kim et al. in Clinical Science that demonstrates a crucial link between gut microbiota and bacterial metabolites such as butyrate, gut leakiness, and hypertension. These and other articles from the journal are featured in a themed collection on the topic of the microbiome and chronic disease.
Review Article|
April 16 2018
Disruptions in gut microbial-host co-metabolism and the development of metabolic disorders
Cynthia Rajani;
Cynthia Rajani
1Cancerr Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Wei Jia
1Cancerr Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
Correspondence: Wei Jia ([email protected])
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
December 04 2017
Revision Received:
February 20 2018
Accepted:
February 23 2018
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2018
Clin Sci (Lond) (2018) 132 (7): 791–811.
Article history
Received:
December 04 2017
Revision Received:
February 20 2018
Accepted:
February 23 2018
Citation
Cynthia Rajani, Wei Jia; Disruptions in gut microbial-host co-metabolism and the development of metabolic disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 16 April 2018; 132 (7): 791–811. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171328
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