The aim of this investigation was to study the effects of isoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia on the renal metabolism of electrolytes and water in subjects with a strong genetic predisposition to essential hypertension, compared with that in non-predisposed subjects. We studied 25 normotensive subjects aged 18–35 years whose parents both had essential hypertension, and 22 age- and sex-matched subjects whose parents were both normotensive. Diabetes or morbid obesity in any subject or parent excluded the family. The 24-h blood pressure was measured. The subjects received an isocaloric diet with a fixed content of sodium and potassium for 4 days before the study. An isoglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic clamp with infusion of insulin (40 munits·min-1·m-2) was performed. We measured the renal clearance of diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid, sodium, potassium and lithium both under basal conditions and during hyperinsulinaemia. In response to hyperinsulinaemia, renal sodium clearance decreased to a significantly greater extent in the hypertension-prone subjects [0.57 (0.74, 0.36) ml·min-1·1.73 m2 (median and quartiles)] than in the controls [0.34 (0.56, 0.18) ml·min-1·1.73 m2] (P = 0.04). Compared with the controls, the subjects predisposed to hypertension had a higher 24-h diastolic blood pressure [78 (70, 82) mmHg, compared with 73 (68, 77) mmHg], but a similar insulin sensitivity index {107×[313 (225, 427)] compared with 107×[354 (218, 435)] l2·min-1·pmol-1·kg-1}. Thus the sodium-retaining effect of insulin was more pronounced in subjects with a strong genetic predisposition to essential hypertension than in subjects with normotensive parents. This effect may contribute to the development of hypertension in subjects with a genetic predisposition to hypertension.
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November 15 1999
Renal effects of hyperinsulinaemia in subjects with two hypertensive parents
Ulrik B. ANDERSEN;
*Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
Correspondence: Dr Ulrik B. Andersen (e-mail [email protected]).
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Peter SKØTT;
Peter SKØTT
†Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Niels E. BRUUN;
Niels E. BRUUN
‡Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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Harriet DIGE-PETERSEN;
Harriet DIGE-PETERSEN
§Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Glostrup Hospital, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark
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Hans IBSEN
Hans IBSEN
‖Department of Cardiology, Glostrup Hospital, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
April 06 1999
Revision Received:
July 21 1999
Accepted:
September 08 1999
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society © 1999
1999
Clin Sci (Lond) (1999) 97 (6): 681–687.
Article history
Received:
April 06 1999
Revision Received:
July 21 1999
Accepted:
September 08 1999
Citation
Ulrik B. ANDERSEN, Peter SKØTT, Niels E. BRUUN, Harriet DIGE-PETERSEN, Hans IBSEN; Renal effects of hyperinsulinaemia in subjects with two hypertensive parents. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 1999; 97 (6): 681–687. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0970681
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