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1-14 of 14
D. Pavia
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Articles
Journal:
Clinical Science
Clin Sci (Lond) (1986) 71 (4): 421–427.
Published: 01 October 1986
Abstract
1. Nine asymptomatic smokers each smoked one cigarette of their usual brand on four separate occasions. 2. The inhaled smoke volume was measured by tracing the smoke with the inert gas 81 Kr m . Puffing indices were recorded by using an electronic smoking analyser and flowhead/cigarette holder. The expired air carbon monoxide concentration was measured immediately before and within 5 min of finishing smoking. 3. The inhaled smoke percentage (total inhaled smoke volume/total puff volume) averaged 46% to 85% in different subjects. 4. Neither the mean inhaled smoke volume per puff nor the total inhaled smoke volume per cigarette was significantly correlated with any of the puffing indices. 5. Smokers took significantly smaller and shorter puffs, left longer between puffs and inhaled less smoke as the cigarette was smoked ( P < 0.01), although the proportion of the puff which was subsequently inhaled did not change significantly. 6. There was no significant intra-subject difference in any index from one visit to another.
Articles
Journal:
Clinical Science
Clin Sci (Lond) (1986) 71 (1): 117–119.
Published: 01 July 1986
Abstract
1. Cigarette puffing parameters (puff volume, puff duration, number of puffs, total smoking time) and inhaled smoke volume (by a radiotracer techique) have been measured in a group of 11 asymptomatic smokers, once after topical anaesthesia of the upper airways and once without anaesthesia. 2. Topical anaesthesia significantly reduced the mean inhaled smoke volume per puff for the group from 41.1 ml to 30.6 ml ( P < 0.05) and the total inhaled smoke volume from 575 ml to 528 ml ( P = 0.05), but cigarette puffing parameters were unchanged. 3. It is concluded that stimulation of upper airway sensory receptors, probably sensitive to nicotine, may be an important mechanism in determining the amount of cigarette smoke inhaled by smokers.
Articles
Journal:
Clinical Science
Clin Sci (Lond) (1984) 66 (5): 525–531.
Published: 01 May 1984
Abstract
1. The distribution of 5 μm 99m Tc aerosol particles deposited in the lungs was compared with that of 81m Kr gas in 20 asthmatic subjects (FEV 1.0 ≥75% predicted) whose asthma was mild or in remission. Sixteen normal non-smokers and 14 ‘normal’ cigarette smokers were studied as control subjects. 2. Radioaerosol lung penetration in the ‘normal’ smokers was the same as in the normal non-smokers but was reduced in the asthmatic subjects. 3. Radioaerosol penetrated better than 81m Kr to the lung apices of normal non-smokers and asthmatic subjects; it penetrated better than 81m Kr to the lung bases of the asthmatic subjects. 4. Uneven distribution of aerosol relative to 81m Kr related strongly to maximal mid-expiratory flow rate (MMFR) in the asthmatic subjects. 5. Aerosol deposition abnormalities in symptom-free asthmatic subjects may reflect basal airways closure at functional residual capacity and abnormal patterns of lung filling.
Articles
Articles
P.P. Sutton, R. Parker, B.A. Webber, S.P. Newman, N. Garland, M.T. Lopez-Vidriero, D. Pavia, S.W. Clarke
Journal:
Clinical Science
Clin Sci (Lond) (1981) 61 (3): 11P.
Published: 01 September 1981
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Journal:
Clinical Science
Clin Sci Mol Med (1978) 55 (6): 523–527.
Published: 01 December 1978
Abstract
1. Mucociliary clearance has been measured over a 6 h period by using the radioaerosol technique in seven normal male subjects lying supine, both during the day when awake, and during the night when asleep. 2. The percentage of radioaerosol cleared during the night, when asleep, was significantly less than during the day when awake ( P < 0.02). 3. A comparison of radioaerosol clearance before and after the time of onset of sleep demonstrates that reduced clearance occurred during sleep, indicating that this is probably a sleep-related phenomenon and not merely a result of diurnal variation. 4. This finding has important implications for patients with chronic bronchitis or asthma, in whom early morning cough or wheeze may be a predominant feature.
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